不舒适眩光评价的视觉适应研究综述

Review on the Research of Visual Adaptation for Discomfort Glare Evaluation

眩光是影响视觉环境质量的重要参数,当前的不舒适眩光评价方法存在着不具有普适性、缺乏心理学和生理学理论支撑等明显的局限性,因此无法满足LED照明快速发展和创新应用的需要,而成为国际照明领域的研究热点,也被国际照明委员会(CIE)明确作为其十大优先研究领域之一。当前主要的不舒适眩光评价方法采用环境平均亮度作为人眼适应亮度的评价方法,并未考虑环境亮度分布和光谱分布两个因素影响,因此无法准确预测人的亮度适应状态。本文在系统分析人的适应亮度调节发生的生理机理,以及其与瞳孔光反射的相关性相关研究成果的基础上,提出了开展光谱和亮度分布对于适应亮度影响研究的关键技术问题,从而为更好地了解和解释眩光形成机理,推动视觉工效、健康等领域的研究提供重要的技术支撑。

Glare is a very important factor influencing the quality of visual environment.As the current models for predicting discomfort by glare are developed on the basis of very restricted applications,luminaire characteristics and circumstances without any clear understanding on the physiological or psychological mechanism of discomfort glare.So there is no glare metric method that allows the results to be generalized and applied to other application conditions and other lighting technologies.CIE recognizes the need for a comprehensive research program to develop a fundamental model of discomfort glare as its Top Priority Topics of research strategy.One drawback for current glare evaluation models is their simplification for taking average environment luminance as an indicator for visual adaptation,which means that luminance distribution and spectrum are not taken into account,which makes it difficult to accurate predict the visual adaptation state in natural inhomogeneous luminance distribution environment.In this paper,on the basis of a systematic review on latest research in fields of physiological mechanism for light adaptation of visual system,and its effect on pupillary light reflex,the key research questions for adaptation luminance evaluation are listed for better explanation on mechanism of discomfort glare perception,which will make a very important base for further research in area of visual ergonomics and healthful lighting application.