僧侣的流动:西双版纳傣族布朗族的族际关系重构

The Flow of Monks:Reconstruction of Inter-ethnic Relations of the Dais and Bulangs in Xishuangbanna

西双版纳地区的傣族和布朗族在社会文化与族际互动中保持着审慎的区隔和联系,南传佛教是两个民族社会文化中最大的公约数。在傣族地区僧侣缺乏的情况下,部分布朗族僧侣为谋求更好的经济利益从布朗族寺院流动到傣族寺院,成为傣族地区僧侣的重要补充,也成为傣族村寨接纳布朗族的重要形式。外来资本的大量介入,重构了当地的茶叶生产与价值体系。古树茶价格的高企,使得从中获益的布朗族物质生活水平明显提高,僧侣外流的情况明显减少。傣族与布朗族的僧侣流动乃至族际关系,都在资本介入导致普洱茶市场转变的背景之下得到调整。

The Dai and Bulang ethnic groups in Xishuangbanna maintain prudent separation and contact in the social culture and inter-ethnic interaction.Theravada Buddhism is the largest similarity in the social culture of the two ethnic groups.In the absence of monks in the Dai area,some monks flowed from the Bulang temples to the Dai temples,which became an important supplement to the monks in the Dai area and an important form for the Dai villages to accept the Bulang.The inflow of foreign capital has restructured the local tea production and trade network.The high price of ancient tree tea has significantly improved the material living standards of the Bulang people,which in turn has significantly reduced the outflow of monks.The flow of monks and even inter-ethnic relations between the Dai and Bulang ethnic groups have been adjusted in the context of the capital’s involvement in the transformation of the Pu’er tea market.