陕北民俗文化及其对外传播现状与路径研究

A Study on the Northern Shaanxi Folk Culture:the Factors Hindering Its International Communication and Countermeasures

地理的相对封闭性、历史的复杂性和文化的多元性使得陕北民俗文化兼具地方性、古老性、丰富性、多元性和开放性等特征。这些特征异常鲜明,不仅体现在衣食住行、祈雨祭祀等物质和精神民俗方面,也体现在婚丧嫁娶、民间艺术等社会民俗方面。然而,由于对外传播机制不健全、配套政策不完善、传播意识不强、宣介语境单一等原因,陕北民俗文化长期囿于陕北,走不出国门,有悖于“中华文化走出去”战略。传播学理论提出的5W传播模式为拓宽陕北民俗文化传播路径具有指导作用。

In history,Northern Shaanxi was hardly accessible due to its special terrains.It was also a region where the Han people and minority ethnic groups coming from the north mixed,intermarried and lived together.As a result,the Northern Shaanxi folk culture demonstrates such features as being local,ancient,rich,open and diversified.These distinct features are reflected not only in material and spiritual folk customs such as clothing,food,housing,transportation,praying for rain and sacrifice,but also in social folk customs such as funeral,marriage,folk art,etc.However,these unique and rich folk customs are hardly known to overseas people,which totally goes against China’s initiative of“culture going out”.The causes for this include:(1)lack of international communication mechanism and insufficient supporting policies on the part of the local governments;(2)deficiency of international communication awareness on the part of the local people;(3)insufficient English texts for Northern Shaanxi folk culture.In view of this,the author of this paper proposes a few suggestions as to how to promote international communication of Northern Shaanxi folk culture by referring to the communication mode of 5Ws elaborated in the communication theory.