《论语》“绘事后素”与《考工记》“后素功”考释

Textual Research about “Hui shi hou su” of Lunyu and “Hou su gong” of Kao Gong Ji

《论语》"绘事后素"常常和《考工记》"凡画缋之事后素功"联系考虑,或互为借鉴。经典释读史上有"先画后素""先素后画"之争,两者都是绘画的具体工艺。"后素功"承接"杂四时",应该是对绘画工艺的总结。所谓"先画后素""先素后画"之说偏离了章句结构,局限性明显。经过文本分析,并结合绘画过程,"素"当意为绘画中的单色颜料;"后"非"后(後)",而是古汉字"后",意为滋生,为单色颜料排列对比、杂糅调合的滋生过程;"功"为功绩之意。"凡画缋之事后素功"意为画缋是利用各种单色颜料的对比、杂糅错合的敷彩过程,以成就符合场合礼数的大功;"绘事后素"意为素色颜料杂糅生成画面的绚烂多彩。

The"Hui shi hou su"of Lunyu had been related and used for reference to"Hou su gong"of Kao Gong Ji."Za si shi wu se zhi wei yi zhang zhi wei zhi qiao"of Kao Gong Ji is a summary of painting crafts. As behind it,"Hou su gong"would be a summary too.Therefore,"xian hua hou su"and"xian su hou hua"would be all diverged the text structure. The meaning of"su","hou"and"gong"had been reviewed.The analyses of the text had been made too. The meening of"Su"and"Hou"and"gong"would be respectively as the single dye of painting, combination of single dyes, and the painting achievements. The new explainations of these two sentences have been made.