试论“朷”“朷桑”与“条桑”

A Study of“朷”“朷桑”and“条桑”

"朷"最早见于中古字书,但不同字书、韵书的收录情况有所不同,有关其形音义的解释也存在分歧甚至讹误。字形结构上,"朷"出现了形声互异的情况,因而读音不同。在"斩枝"义上,沐、朷相通,沐、朷为古今字。《诗经》"条桑"有不同解释。"条桑"之"条"是名词用作动词,在"枝落"义上,"朷""条"相通。"朷桑"与"条桑"有别,"朷桑"指修整桑树,又称治桑;"条桑"指斩落桑枝采叶,中古时期亦泛指农桑之事。

With different entries,"朷"is originally seen in the dictionaries of the middle ancient times. Those dictionaries give divergent and even mistaken interpretations of its form, pronunciation and meaning. In terms of morphology, both parts"木"and" 刀 "of"朷"can be clues to its varied pronunciations. Interpretated as"cutting tree branches","朷"is similar to"沐", variations for the same concept in different times. In Book of Songs,"条"in"条桑"is converted into a verb indicating"falling of tree branches", similar to the meaning of"朷". The meaning of"朷桑"is different from that of"条桑": the former is pruning of morus alba, also called"治桑";the latter is cutting branches of morus alba and picking leaves, or refering to farming and sericulture in the middle ancient times.