一种切削位姿动态优化全局刀路技术的五轴曲面插补方法设计及验证

Design and Verification of a Five-Axis Surface Interpolation Method for Dynamically Optimized Cutting Position Global Tool Path Technology

针对五轴加工反向运动学映射机制下,给定刀路轨迹驱动各轴的位移量会随工件切削位姿的不同而存在差异,进而影响进给速度曲线各轴分量的光滑性问题,提出了五轴曲面在线插补实验方法。将工件实际切削位姿综合信息应用于设计前端环节,关注于刀路形貌和切削位姿作用于进给速度曲线的非线性影响,以复杂曲面加工的综合最优效率为目标,开展由切削位姿逆向驱动刀路纹理规划的曲面直接插补方法设计。结果表明,切削位姿反向优化于插补刀路技术作用下的工件表面质量更优于传统五轴曲面加工工件,实现了数控五轴曲面的高速高质量的加工。

Under the five-axis machining inverse kinematics mapping mechanism,the displacement of a given tool path on each drive axis will vary with the position of the workpiece clamping,which will affect the smoothness of each axis component of the feed rate curve. This paper introduces a new online interpolation experiment method for five-axis surface,it introduces the actual clamping position and posture information of the workpiece into the front-end design section,focuses on the nonlinear influence of the clamping posture and the tool path topography on the feed speed curve.With the goal of optimizing the overall efficiency of surface machining,the direct surface interpolation method for the texture planning of the tool path is driven by the clamping posture. The test shows that the surface quality of the workpiece under the action of the interpolation tool is better than that of the traditional five-axis surface machining,and the high-speed and high-quality machining of the CNC five-axis surface are realized.