中共早期工会开展的职工教育及其经验与启示——以安源工人俱乐部为实例

The Experience and Enlightenment of Workers’Education in the Early Labor Union of the Communist Party of China——Take Anyuan Workers Club for Example

中共早期为有效加强对工人的政治动员与组织训练,决定通过工会等群团组织对广大工人进行系统的以思想政治教育、文化常识教育、作风纪律教育、理想信念教育及职业技能教育等为主要内容的职工教育。在职工教育过程中,中共早期工会既突出中共主导地位又尊重工人主体地位、既着眼政治革命又立足社会建设,因而以安源工人俱乐部等为代表的中共早期工会的职工教育成果十分丰硕,职工的政治觉悟、文化素养、道德水准及职业情操等均得到显著提高,这就为中共早期培养了一支政治合格、作风优良、本领过硬的产业工人队伍。中共早期工会在职工教育中的巨大成就说明:工会等群团组织始终是中共动员、教育群众的重要载体,其在拱卫中共政党安全及增强中共的群众组织力等方面有着无可替代的重要作用。因此,在新时代,工会等群团组织应继续高度重视职工教育工作。

To effectively strengthen its political mobilization and organizational training of workers,the Communist Party of China(CPC),in its early days,decided to systematically conduct ideological and political education,cultural knowledge education,style and discipline education,rational belief education,and vocational skills education for the majority of workers through labor unions and other group organizations.In the process of staff education,the early labor unions of CPC not only emphasized its dominant position,but also respected the dominant status of workers,focusing on both political revolution and social construction.Therefore,the early labor unions of the CPC represented by the Anyuan Workers Club had fruitful results in staff education,which had significantly improved their political awareness,cultural literacy,moral standards,and professional sentiment,cultivating a contingent of industrial workers of politically qualified,excellent in style,and competent in professional skill.The great achievements of CPC’s early trade unions in staff education indicate that trade unions and other mass organizations had always been an important carrier for CPC to mobilize and educate the masses.They played an irreplaceable role in safeguarding the party’s security and strengthening CPC’s mass organization.Therefore,trade unions and other mass organizations should continue to attach great importance to staff education in the new era.