黔南地区成体大鲵生长及生活习性的周年观察

Annual observation on growth and life habit of adult Andrias davidianus in Qiannan region

对黔南地区成体大鲵(Andrias davidianus)进行了14个月喂养观察试验。结果表明,成体大鲵体长生长和体质量生长是两个完全不同的过程,二者之间反向关系明显;体长生长与水温呈正向关系;体质量生长与水温关系复杂,有高温和低温限制。大鲵喜欢阴暗安静的环境,食性范围较广;排出团状或细沙状粪便,且进食越多,排便次数就越多。大鲵具有蜕皮习性,蜕皮次数与体质量生长具有正向关系。黔南地区饲养的大鲵很少冬眠,在生长高峰期投喂充足饵料,能够有效促进增重率;用福寿螺配合饲料喂养鲤鱼,再用活鲤鱼喂养大鲵,可以显著提高人工养殖大鲵的经济效益。

The feeding experiment on AdultsAndrias davidianusin Qiannan region lasted for 14 months and the results were as follows:Growth of body length and one of body mass were both different procedures and the obvious reverse relation existed in the both procedures.Positive relation existed between growth of body length and water temperature.The relation between growth of body mass and water temperature was complex and this kind of growth was confined by high and low temperature.Andrias davidianus liked dark and quiet conditions and had a wide diet.The more it defecated,the more it ate.The faeces looked like masslike or sandlike.Andrias davidianus had the habit of molting and the relation was positive between molting frequency and growth of body mass.The hibernation of Andrias davidianus was seldom observed indoors in Qiannan region and the increasing rate of weight could be effectively promoted by feeding enough bait in the peak growth period.The economic benefits of artificial breedingcould be significantly increased by feeding live carps fed by compound feedwith Pomacea canaliculata.