如何阅读维特根斯坦——一个中西汇通的视角

Reading Wittgenstein from an Integrated Perspective of West and China

维特根斯坦思想中,关于本体论、认识论、伦理学的思想能够对我们当前的文化再造有何借鉴呢?从本体论上来说,事物是否可以无限分割的不同回答,决定了中西在本体论上的不同路向,可表述为事物的形而上学与事实的形而上学的不同。维特根斯坦在《逻辑哲学论》中的描述恰恰体现了这两种形而上学的对立,后期他对无限的讨论更是揭示此对立的关键所在。维特根斯坦关于面相的认识论研究,可为我们当下的文化转型提供一个可能的理论解释框架。主张伦理的沉默进而转向内在世界的体验,这很可能是维特根斯坦思想与中国传统对接的最直接途径。

What can we learn from Wittgenstein’s thoughts of ontology,epistemology,and ethics,so as to benefit our current cultural re-engineering?On the ontological point of view,whether things can be infinitely divided determines the different orientations of Chinese and Western ontology,which can be expressed as the difference between the metaphysics of things and the metaphysics of facts.Wittgenstein’s description in Tractatus embodies these two metaphysical rivalries,and his later discussion of infinity reveals the key to this opposition.Wittgenstein’s epistemological study of aspect can provide a possible theoretical interpretation framework for our current cultural transformation.Advocating ethical silence and thereby turning to the feeling of the inner world is probably the most direct way to connect Wittgenstein’s thoughts with Chinese tradition.