“与西藏干杯”——论马原笔下的“小男人”世界

“Cheers with Tibet”——the Exposition about“The Mediocre Man”Images in Ma Yuan’s Novels

作为"先锋"文学的弄潮者,马原作品中的形式狂欢对于当代文坛的开拓意义不可否认。但是,《拉萨的小男人》这部不甚引人注目的作品集,却为我们提供了一个重新审视马原小说内容意义的平台——独特的"小男人"世界。马原笔下的"拉萨小男人"群像,是一个浓缩了八十年代进藏青年喜怒哀乐、代表着一种特殊生活和精神状态、传达了人生思索的"真实"群体。他们所具有的去英雄化、狂欢化的精神流浪品格,是"马原们"在前卫的先锋探索中,隐含的对自我身份站位的思辨乃至超克。"小男人"世界不仅是重估马原藏地书写的入口,同时也为当代先锋文学的复杂转向/转型和还原八十年代文学的多元面向提供了可贵线索。

As a forerunner of the Avant-garde literature,Ma Yuan is known for his works’carnival in form which is undeniable to the development of contemporary literary world.However,his Mediocre Men in Lhasa,which is not noticeable,provides us with a platform to reexamine the meaning of Ma Yuan’s novels’content—an unique world of“the mediocre men”.Ma Yuan’s The Mediocre Men in Lhasa is a real community which compresses the emotions of the young people coming to Tibet in 1980s,represents a special living and spiritual condition and conveys the meaning of life.The images with unique qualities,such as“non-heroisation”carnival and“spiritual journey”,become a dialectical thinking of“Ma Yuans”on the modern society and even.The world of“the mediocre men”is not only a portal to reevaluate Ma Yuan’s Tibet writings,but also provides valuable clues to explore the complex transformation of vanguard literature and to restore the multi-dimension of the 1980’s literature.