中国经济高质量发展水平的测度研究与国际比较——基于全球35个国家的实证分析

Measurement of High-quality Economic Development and International Comparative Study——Empirical Analysis Based on 35 Countries

中国经济由高速增长阶段进入高质量发展阶段,加快形成关于高质量发展的指标体系和统计标准迫在眉睫。基于中国的基本国情,本文以经济实力和五大发展理念为基础,构建国别可比的经济高质量发展指标体系,对2000~2017年全球35个主要国家的经济高质量发展水平进行测度。结果显示:2000年以来中国经济高质量发展水平明显提升,得分从0.349提高至0.504,排名从33位上升至29位;从各分指标看,中国经济实力取得跨越式发展,但协调发展、共享发展等指标与发达国家相比仍存在明显差距;从全球范围看,美国为经济高质量发展水平最高的国家,德国、日本等发达国家亦位于全球前列,韩国、芬兰、以色列等国在个别指标上处于领先位置。就高质量发展水平看,中国是世界上最大发展中国家的地位没有改变,未来需进一步补强相关短板领域,更好推动经济高质量发展。

Based on the national conditions of China's economy changing from high-speed growth to highquality development,the paper builds a country-specifi c high-quality development indicator system,and provide high-quality economic development levels for 35 major countries from 2000 to 2017.The research results show that:fi rstly,China's high-quality economic development level has signifi cantly improved since 2000,the score of high-quality development has increased from 0.349 to 0.504,and its ranking has risen from 33 to 29 in 35 countries.Secondly,China's economic strength has achieved leapfrog development,but there are still signifi cant gaps between the other indicators,such as innovative development and open development.Thirdly,from a global perspective,the United States has the highest level of high-quality economic development,Germany and Japan also have high score of high-quality economic development level.The research results show that China's international status as the largest developing country has not changed,and it is necessary to further strengthen the relevant shortcomings to better promote high-quality economic development.