“十二五”工业废水治理效率时空特征及影响因素分析

Temporal-Spatial Characteristics and Influence Factors of Industr ial Wastewater Treatment Efficiency in China during the 12^th Five-Year-Plan Period

运用超效率SBM模型和面板Tobit模型,探究了"十二五"时期中国各省级行政区工业废水治理综合效率、纯技术效率和规模效率的时空特征及影响因素。结果显示:(1)"十二五"时期中国工业废水的治理效率还有较大的提升空间,综合效率主要受纯技术效率影响。(2)空间特征方面,南部沿海地区工业废水治理综合效率最高,西南地区最低;南部沿海和北部沿海地区呈现纯技术效率较高特征,西南地区呈现纯技术效率较低特征;南部沿海、长江中游和东北地区呈现规模效率较高特征,西北和东部沿海地区呈现规模效率较低特征。(3)进一步分析影响因素显示,工业用水和废水排放越高的地区,其工业废水治理综合效率越低;提高废水监测力度有助于提高工业废水治理综合效率和规模效率,外资工业的进入提升了工业废水治理综合效率和纯技术效率。

Super-efficient SBM model and Tobit model were performed to explore the temporal-spatial characteristics and influence factors of the comprehensive efficiency,the pure technical efficiency and the scale efficiency of industrial wastewater treatment in China during the 12th Five-Year-Plan period.Results showed that:(1)During the 12th Five-Year-Plan period,there was still much room for improvement in the industrial wastewater treatment efficiency in China.The change of comprehensive efficiency was mainly due to the pure technical efficiency.(2)The comprehensive efficiency of industrial wastewater treatment was highest in south coastal region and lowest in southwest region.The pure technical efficiency was higher in south coastal and north coastal region,and it was lower in southwest region.The scale efficiency was higher in south coastal,middle reaches of the Yangtze River and northeast region,and it was lower in northwest and east coastal region.(3)Further,it was found that the higher the industrial water and wastewater discharge was,the lower the overall efficiency of industrial wastewater treatment was.Improving the intensity of wastewater monitoring was helpful to improve the comprehensive efficiency and scale efficiency of industrial wastewater treatment.Foreign capital industry improved the comprehensive efficiency and the pure technical efficiency of industrial wastewater treatment.