基于复杂网络视角的全球铀矿产品贸易特征分析

Analysis of global trade characteristics of uranium ore products from the perspective of complex network

中国铀矿资源禀赋不佳,需要进口大量铀矿资源以满足国内需求,在铀矿资源对外依存度维持高位的背景下,中国铀矿国际贸易安全显得尤为重要。本文在构建全球铀矿产品贸易复杂网络模型的基础上,对2000~2018年全球铀矿产品贸易特征和主要国家地位演变趋势进行分析,得出:2000年以来随着以中国为首的新兴核电大国的崛起,对铀矿资源需求的增加,推动了全球铀矿产品贸易的发展。现阶段全球天然铀贸易主要由需求国控制,而全球主要的天然铀出口国哈萨克斯坦和澳大利亚几乎没有话语权。发达国家凭借着技术优势和壁垒,垄断富铀产品贸易市场。中国需要提前做好战略布局,在稳定现有贸易来源的基础上,更加深度地参与全球天然铀和富铀产品贸易。

China has poor uranium resource endowment and needs to import a large amount of uranium resources to meet the domestic demand.Under the background of high external uranium resource dependence,the security of international uranium trade of China is particularly important.Complex network model based on building the world uranium product trade,based on the characteristics of global uranium products trade from 2000 to 2018 and the main national status evolution trend analysis,it is concluded that:since 2000,with the rise of China,led by the emerging nuclear power,the increase in demand for uranium resources,promote the development of the global uranium product trade.At present,the global trade in natural uranium is mainly controlled by the demand countries,while the world's leading natural uranium exporters,Kazakhstan and Australia,have little say.Developed countries monopolize the trade market of rich uranium products by technical advantages and barriers.China needs to make strategic arrangements ahead of time and,on the basis of stabilizing existing trade sources,takes a deeper part in global trade in natural uranium and uranium-rich products.