低品位能源化学储热材料研究进展

Research progress of low-grade energy chemical heat storage materials

化学储热利用可逆化学变化中的吸、放热进行储能和释能,较之显/潜热储热,其能量密度呈数量级上升且可长期稳定储存热能。本文以低品位能源利用为前提,将化学储热分为化学吸附储热与化学反应储热两大类,对目前广泛研究、前景较大的化学储热材料进行了相应原理、特点、现存问题及其应用发展趋势的分析讨论与总结;经过对不同纯材料的分析对比,发现水合盐可以作为一类较理想的化学储热材料,但也存在易潮解等缺点,而复合材料的形成可为弥补各种纯材料的弊端提供了有效的解决路径;与此同时,目前仍缺乏可在反应器中良好运行的化学储热材料。最后对化学储热,尤其是储热材料的选择方面指出未来需要解决的问题及其进一步的研究方向。

Compared with the apparent/latent heat storage,chemical heat storage utilizes reversible chemical changes to absorb and release energy and its energy density increase drastically by orders of magnitude.In this paper,based on the premise of low-grade energy utilization,chemical heat storage has been divided into two categories:chemical sorption heat storage and chemical reaction heat storage.In addition,the principles,characteristics,existing problems and application development trend of the widely studied or having application prospect chemical heat storage materials have been discussed and summarized.Through the analysis and comparison of different pure materials,it is found that salt hydrates can be used as a kind of ideal chemical heat storage materials,but they also have disadvantages such as deliquesce.However,the formation of composite materials can provide an effective solution to overcome the disadvantages of various pure materials.In addition,there is still lack of chemical heat storage materials which can work well in reactor.Finally,this paper has pointed out some possible problems to be solved in the future and the further research direction in the selection of chemical heat storage materials.