生物电化学脱氮系统构建和影响因素的最新研究进展

Recent advances in the construction and influencing factors of bio-electrochemical nitrogen removal systems

生物电化学脱氮技术是一种以电化学活性细菌作为催化剂的污水处理技术,因其绿色、环保、节能的特点而备受关注。本文介绍了不同脱氮技术的机理,从脱氮性能、成本、二次污染大小和污染物转化率等角度对现有脱氮技术进行评价,指出了生物电化学脱氮技术的优势和应用前景;重点综述反应器运行参数、溶液组分、脱氮生物膜的培养方式、生物电化学脱氮系统内菌种构成等因素对生物电化学脱氮系统的影响,并提出了优化脱氮系统的方法;同时总结了生物电化学脱氮技术在处理屠宰场废水、焦化废水和含高氯酸盐废水等方面的应用现状。研究表明:从脱氮系统内不同微生物的角度,尤其是电活性微生物角度探究生物电化学脱氮过程的机理,调控脱氮生物膜的形成和改变脱氮系统运行参数,是改进生物电化学脱氮技术的有效途径。

Bio-electrochemical denitrification technology is a wastewater treatment technology using electrochemically active bacteria as a catalyst. It has attracted much attention due to its green,environmental protection and energy saving characteristics. This article introduces the mechanism of different nitrogen removal technologies, evaluates the current nitrogen removal technologies from the aspects of nitrogen removal performance, cost, secondary pollution size and pollutant conversion rate, and also points out the advantages and application prospects of bio-electrochemical nitrogen removal technology. The effects of factors such as reactor operating parameters, solution components, culture mode of denitrification biofilm, and bacteria community structure in the bio-electrochemical denitrification system on the bio-electrochemical denitrification system are reviewed, and methods for optimizing the denitrification system are proposed. The application status of bio-electrochemical denitrification technology in the treatment of slaughterhouse wastewater, coking wastewater and perchlorate-containing wastewater is also summarized. The study has shown that exploring the mechanism of bio-electrochemical denitrification from the perspective of different microorganisms in the denitrification system, especially from the perspective of electroactive microorganisms, regulating the formation of denitrification biofilms and changing the operating parameters of the denitrification system are effective ways to improve the bio-electrochemical denitrification systems.