基于QFD的桥式龙门铣床横梁优选设计方法研究

Research on Preference Design Method for Crossbeam of Bridge Gantry Milling Machine Based on QFD

横梁作为桥式龙门铣床的主要移动部件,其结构设计直接影响机床整机的工作性能。为此,提出了一种以质量屋为核心,融合正交试验设计、模糊线性回归理论和(0~1)目标规划优势于一体的横梁优选设计方法。在调研咨询确定横梁设计需求的基础上,运用层次分析法计算设计需求相对权重;通过正交试验设计制定横梁候选方案,获得横梁工程特性三维建模仿真值,并进行横梁设计方案符合度等级的评定,从而完成质量屋的构建;运用模糊线性回归理论建立质量屋中参数之间的函数关系,并构建(0~1)目标规划模型进行方案优选,确定参数组合为“箱中箱—井—20mm—线轨”的横梁优选方案。研究结果表明:优选设计后,横梁的静动态性能明显得到改善,且实现了轻量化设计,验证了所提方法的正确性和可行性。

As the main moving part of bridge gantry milling machine,the structure design of crossbeam directly affects the working performance of machine tool.Therefore an preference design method for crossbeam was proposed,which took house of quality(HOQ)as the core and combined the advantages of orthogonal experimental design,fuzzy linear regression theory and zero-one goal programming(ZOGP).On the basis of determining the crossbeam design requirements by investigation and consultation,the relative weight of crossbeam design requirements were calculated by using analytic hierarchy process(AHP).Through orthogonal experimental design method,the alternative schemes of crossbeam were determined,and the three-dimensional modeling simulation values of crossbeam engineering characteristics were also obtained.Then the conformance level of crossbeam design scheme was evaluated,thus the construction of HOQ was completed.Fuzzy linear regression theory was used to establish the function ralationship between the parameters in the HOQ.Zero-one goal programming model was established to optimize the scheme,so that the preference scheme of crossbeam with parameters combination“box in box—well—20mm—linear guideway”was determined.The study result shows that the static and dynamic performance of crossbeam is obviously improved,and the lightweight design is also realized after the preference design,which verifies the correctness and feasibility of the proposed method.