植物生长调节剂对南岭莪术根茎贮藏和水培开花的影响

Effects of Plant Growth Regulators on Storage and Hydroponic Flowering of Curcuma kwangsiensis var.nanlingensis Rhizome

【目的】比较不同植物生长调节剂对南岭莪术根茎低温贮藏和水培开花的影响。【方法】将南岭莪术根茎浸泡在不同浓度的TDZ、6-BA、GA3、IAA溶液中2 h后,于13℃冷库中贮藏5个月,测定其生理指标,比较不同处理对根茎长期贮藏的影响;另取南岭莪术根茎于13℃冷库中贮藏30 d后取出,于30℃下催芽至少30 d,待芽体长至2 cm时,使用不同浓度6-BA和GA3溶液培养,观测根茎的始花期等生长指标,比较两种植物生长调节剂对南岭莪术根茎水培开花的影响。【结果】贮藏期间南岭莪术根茎含水量、蛋白质含量不断下降,电导率不断上升,不同浓度TDZ、IAA处理均减缓根茎含水量降幅,而10 mg/L IAA处理对根茎蛋白质含量降低幅度的延缓作用最显著,贮藏150 d,10 mg/L IAA处理电导率为对照的74%,表明10 mg/L IAA浸泡南岭莪术根茎的长期贮藏效果最好;6-BA和GA3均可提高南岭莪术根茎水培的成花品质,6-BA处理相较对照可提前花期,低浓度GA3处理则在花枝长度的伸长方面作用显著,高浓度GA3处理不仅延迟花期,而且降低花枝长度和粗度。【结论】植物生长调节剂对长期贮藏的南岭莪术根茎有保护作用,对水培期间成花品质有改良作用,10 mg/L IAA浸泡根茎对长期贮藏的保护作用最佳,5 mg/L 6-BA作水培溶液对花期提早、花枝增长作用最佳。

【Objective】A comparison of the effects of different plant growth regulators on the storage and hydroponic flowering of Curcuma kwangsiensis var.nanlingensis rhizome was conducted.【Method】The rhizome of C.kwangsiensis var.nanlingensis was soaked in different concentrations of TDZ,6-BA,GA3 and IAA solutions for 2 h,and stored at 13℃for 5 months.The physiological indexes were measured and the effects of different treatments on long-term storage of rhizome were compared.In addition,the rhizome of C.kwangsiensis var.nanlingensis was stored at 13℃for 30 days and then taken out.Germination accelerating was conducted at 30℃for at least 30 days.When the buds grew to 2 cm,different concentrations of 6-BA and GA3 solutions were used for culturing and the early flowering time and other indexes of rhizome were observed.The effects of two plant growth regulators on the hydroponic flowering of rhizome of C.kwangsiensis var.nanlingensis were compared.【Result】During the storage,moisture and protein content of rhizome decreased continuously,accompanied by a constant increase in conductivity.Different concentrations of TDZ and IAA could reduce the decrease of rhizome moisture content,while 10 mg/L IAA treatment retarded the reduction of protein content of rhizome most significantly.On the 150th day of rhizome storage,the conductivity of 10 mg/L IAA treatment group was 74%of the control group,indicating that the longterm storage effect of rhizome of C.kwangsiensis var.nanlingensis soaked with 10 mg/L IAA was the best.Both 6-BA and GA3 could improve the flowering quality of C.kwangsiensis var.nanlingensis.Compared with the control group,6-BA treatment could advance the flowering time.Low concentration of GA3 treatment had a significant effect on flower branch length elongation while high concentration of GA3 treatment not only delayed flowering time but also reduced flower branch length and flower branch diameter.【Conclusion】Plant growth regulator could protect the long-term storage of rhizome of C.kwangsiensis var.nanlingensis and improve the flowering quality during hydroponics.The protective effect of 10 mg/L IAA soaking on long-term storage was the best,and 5 mg/L 6-BA aqueous solution had the best effect on early flowering and growth of flower branches.