论能源安全的公共产品属性与能源安全共同体构建

On Public Attribute of Energy Security and the Construction of Energy Security Community

能源资源是大自然对人类社会的馈赠,本质上是各国和人民都有权享受的公共资源,对这种权利的安全保障是能源安全的应有之义。能源安全本质上是一项公共产品,突出能源安全的公共属性有助于能源安全的不断完善,有助于世界经济的发展和人类福祉的提高。从国家能源安全、区域能源安全到全球能源安全,国际能源安全的公共属性不断加强。国际能源安全公共属性特征的变化为“能源安全共同体”的形成创造了客观条件,国际社会各行为体有必要在主观认识上朝构建“能源安全共同体”的方向努力。“能源安全共同体”建构可从区域经济一体化开始,强化区域经济一体化组织成员对共同体的认识,把能源安全作为实现区域一体化的又一重要抓手,改革、完善和创新有关国际组织和机制,通过“政府间主义”—“跨国家主义”—“超国家主义”的路径演变逻辑,通过功能主义的纵向整合,构建层次递进的国际能源安全共同体。

Energy resources are considered“a gift of nature”to human society which should be shared,like all other public resources,by all countries and peoples.To safeguard this entitlement is what energy security is all about.Given that energy security is,in its essence,a public good,highlighting the public attribute of energy security will highly contribute to its continuous improvement as well as the world economy and human well-being.The public attribute of international energy security has become increasingly salient,ranging from national energy security,regional energy security to global energy security.As changes in the characteristics of the public attribute of international energy security have created objective conditions for the formation of an“energy security community”,so all actors on the world stage shall reach a consensus and make concerted efforts to build such a community.To achieve this goal,it is advisable to facilitate regional economic integration,enhance the community awareness of members of the regional economic integration organizations,establish energy security as another firm foothold in realizing regional integration,and further improve relevant international organizations and mechanisms.Proactive efforts should be made to progressively construct the international energy security community at different levels through the path of logic“intergovernmentalism-transnationalism-supranationalism”as well as the vertical integration via functionalism.