辣木籽油功能性成分检测及多元统计分析

Determination and Multivariate Statistical Analysis of Functional Components of Moringa oleifera Seed Oil

选取云南省八产区的辣木籽油为研究对象,分析其脂肪酸、生育酚及甾醇含量,采用主成分分析法和聚类分析法对辣木籽油脂溶性功能性成分进行差异分析。结果表明,辣木籽油含有20种脂肪酸,主要以油酸(50.16%~56.51%)、二十二烷酸(7.01%~12.03%)、棕榈酸(4.91%~9.51%)、硬脂酸(6.76%~9.61%)和花生酸(5.12%~7.24%)为主,其中不饱和脂肪酸占65.39%。辣木籽油样品均含有α-生育酚(45~80 mg/100 g)、δ-生育酚(0.21~0.53 mg/100 g)和豆甾醇(243~495 mg/100 g)。主成分分析和聚类分析结果显示,云南八产区辣木籽油功能性成分组成相似,但由于含量差别而呈现出具有显著差异的2个集群。西双版纳州景洪市产的辣木籽油综合评分最高,具有较广的应用前景,本研究为进一步开发云南省辣木资源提供了一定的数据支持和科学依据。

The contents of fatty acids,tocopherol and sterol in Moringa oleifera seed oils from eight areas in Yunnan province were analyzed.The differences in the fat-soluble functional components of the eight M.oleifera seed oils were analyzed by principal component analysis(PCA)and cluster analysis(CA).The results showed that a total of 20 fatty acids were found in these M.oleifera seed oils,mainly oleic acid(50.16%–56.51%),docosanoic acid(7.01%–12.03%),palmitic acid(4.91%–9.51%),stearic acid(6.76%–9.61%)and arachian acid(5.12%–7.24%),with unsaturated fatty acids accounting for 65.39%of the total fatty acids.The samples of M.oleifera seed oil all containedα-tocopherol(45–80 mg/100 g),δ-tocopherol(0.21–0.53 mg/100 g),and stigmasterol(243–495 mg/100 g).The results of PCA and CA showed that the compositions of functional components of the eight M.oleifera seed oil samples were similar,which fell into two distinct clusters according to different contents of functional components.The M.oleifera seed oil from Jinghong city,Xishuangbanna prefecture gained the highest comprehensive score,indicating a wide application prospect.This study provides data support and a scientific basis for further development of M.oleifera resources in Yunnan province.