早期肠内营养对ICU重型颅脑损伤患者营养状况的影响分析

Effect of Early Enteral Nutrition on Nutritional Status of Patients with ICU Severe Craniocerebral Injury

目的:对ICU重型颅脑损伤患者实施早期肠内营养支持,并观察其对患者营养状况的影响效果。方法:2017年2月~2019年4月,某院ICU一共收治了重型颅脑损伤患者56例。入组患者均接受营养支持,并分为对比组和实验组各28例,应用不同的营养支持方式分为两组,分别实施肠外营养支持(对比组)、早期肠内营养支持(实验组)。观察实验开始时与不同的营养干预后,两组患者的机体营养状况变化情况相关指标(血红蛋白、血清总蛋白、白蛋白),并计算两组临床并发症发生率。结果:干预后实验组营养状况优于对比组,血清总蛋白、白蛋白、血红蛋白水平均明显高于对比组(P<0.05);营养干预支持后,实验组总并发症发生率为14.29%(4/28),对比组总并发症发生率为28.57%(8/28),组间比较两组总并发症发生率差异显著,实验组明显低于对比组(P<0.05)。结论:与肠外营养支持相比较,对ICU重型颅脑损伤患者实施早期肠内营养支持可以更好的改善患者的机体营养状况。

Objective:To provide early enteral nutrition support for patients with severe craniocerebral injury in ICU,and to observe the effect of early enteral nutrition support on nutritional status of patients.Methods:From February 2017 to April 2019,56 patients with severe craniocerebral injury treated in ICU of a hospital received nutritional support,and were divided into two groups to implement parenteral nutrition support(control group)and early enteral nutrition support(experimental group)according to the different nutritional support methods,with 28 cases in each group.At the beginning of the experiment and after different nutritional interventions,the related indicators(hemoglobin,total serum protein,albumin)of the nutritional status of the two groups were observed,and the incidence of clinical complications was calculated.Results:After intervention,the nutritional status of the experimental group was better than that of the control group,and the levels of serum total protein,albumin and hemoglobin were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).After nutritional intervention,the total complication rate of the experimental group was 14.29%(4/28),and that of the control group was 28.57%(8/28).There was a significant difference in the total complication rate between the two groups.The experimental group was significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Compared with parenteral nutrition support,early enteral nutrition support can improve the nutritional status of ICU patients with severe craniocerebral injury.