中成药高价值专利评价指标体系的构建研究

Study on the Construction of High-value Patent Evaluation Index System of Chinese Patent Medicine

目的:构建可反映中成药特色的高价值专利评价指标体系。方法:以2013-2016年获中国专利奖的中医药专利共性特征为基础,结合高价值专利评价的一般原则与共识,初步制定中成药高价值专利评价指标体系框架;以北京合享智慧科技有限公司数据库为数据源,分析1985-2019年已授权的甲类医保中成药专利原文内容,拟定具体维度与指标后,运用问卷调查法和专家咨询法对内容进行调整,构建中成药高价值专利评价指标体系,并以2017-2019年获中国专利奖的67件低价值专利和37件高价值专利为样本进行实证研究。结果:中成药高价值专利评价指标体系由法律、市场、技术、内容4个维度构成,4个维度分别包含4个[专利维持年限(7.5,括号内为各指标权重,下同)、专利要求数量(6.5)、专利类型(7.0)、授权专利失效原因(5.5)]、5个[专利转让状态(5.5)、专利许可状态(5.5)、专利质押状态(5.0)、同族专利数量(5.5)、专利诉讼次数(5.0)]、6个[被引用次数(5.5)、引用文献数量(4.5)、说明书页数(4.0)、国际分类号数量(4.0)、共同申请人数量(4.0)、对比文件数量(4.0)]、31个[例如性状(0.6)、用药禁忌(0.6)、副作用(0.6)等,权重合计为21.0]指标。实证研究显示,所建立的中成药高价值专利评价指标体系召回率为100%,准确率为91.3%。结论:本研究构建的专利评价指标体系可用于有效挖掘中成药高价值专利。

OBJECTIVE:To establish a high-value patent evaluation index system that can reflect the characteristics of Chinese patent medicine.METHODS:Based on the common characteristics of Chinese medicine patents that won the China Patent Award during 2013-2016,combined with the general principles and consensus of high-value patent evaluation,the framework of high-value patent evaluation index system of Chinese patent medicine was established preliminarily.Taking Beijing Hexiang Intelligent Technology Co.,Ltd.database as the data source,this paper analyzed the content of authorized patents of Chinese patent medicine in class a medical insurance from 1985 to 2019.After the specific dimension and indexes were formulated,the content was adjusted by questionnaire survey and expert consultation.High-value patent evaluation system was constructed,and the empirical study was carried out by using 67 low-value patents and 37 high-value patents which won the Chinese Patent Award during 2017-2019 as samples.RESULTS:The evaluation index system of high-value patent of Chinese patent medicine consisted of four dimensions as law,market,technology and content.Four dimensions consisted of 4 indexes[patent maintenance period(7.5,weight of each index in brackets,the same below),number of patent requirements(6.5),type of patent(7.0),reason for invalidation of authorized patent(5.5)],5 indexes[patent transfer status(5.5),patent licensing status(5.5),patent pledge status(5.0),number of patents of the same family(5.5),patent litigation(5.0)],6 indexes[citation times(5.5),number of references(4.5),number of pages for drug instruction(4.0),number of international classification code(4.0),number of co-applicants(4.0),number of reference documents(4.0)],31 indexes[such as property(0.6),contraindications(0.6),side effects(0.6)and so on,total weight of 21.0].In the empirical study,the recall rate and accuracy rate of the high-value patent evaluation index system established for Chinese patent medicine is 100%and 91.3%respectively.CONCLUSIONS:The patent evaluation index system established in this study can be used for effectively mining the high-value patent of Chinese patent medicine.