双声与复调:对话理论视角下文学教育探析

Double-voice and Polyphony:Analysis of Literature Education from the Perspective of Dialogue Theory

文学教育作为语文教育的重要组成部分,对人类文化的理解与传承、对学生审美鉴赏与创造能力的培养具有重要意义。然而,由于文学教育中多维关系的断层,遮蔽了文学教育的本质属性。对话理论视角下,以双声和复调为教学核心特质,实现了对文学教育本体价值的澄明。反观文学教育,主体间“自我”与“他者”关系失衡,交往中理解与对话关系失衡,文学鉴赏与文学创造的关系失衡。为此,文学教育中,通过构建“自我”与“他者”教育共同体,创设理解与对话的教学情境,开发鉴赏与创造一体化的文学主题单元等策略弥合失衡关系,在动态、开放的课程实施中,凸显文学教育对话本质,实现文学教育双声与复调的构建。

As an important part of Chinese education,literature education plays an important role in promoting the inheritance and understanding of human culture,and cultivating students’aesthetic appreciation and creativity.However,its essential attribute is obscured due to the fault of multi-dimensional relationships.From the perspective of dialogue theory,the study of core features of double-voice and polyphony may be helpful to realize the clarification of the ontological values of literature education.In the process of literature education,the relationships between“self”and“others”,between comprehension and conversation,and between literary appreciation and creation are all unbalanced.It is advisable to seek effective strategies to construct educational community of“self”and“others”,to create teaching situations for comprehension and conversation,and to develop the literature theme unit of appreciation and creation so as to highlight the essence of dialogue and finally construct the double-voice and polyphony in literature education.