北极西北航道风能资源调查分析

WIND RESOURCE ASSESSMENT FOR THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE

针对北极西北航道及其战略支点建设既面临生态环境脆弱现状又对能源存在迫切需求的情况,提出评估、利用海上风能资源的建议。基于欧洲中期天气预报中心的风场资料,综合分析风功率密度,资源的可利用率、富集程度、稳定性以及资源技术开发量等要素,对西北航道的风能气候特征展开系统性研究。结果表明:该海域蕴藏着较为丰富且利于航道建设的风能资源,其中风能开发的优势区域为戴维斯海峡以东海区、阿蒙森湾海区以及帕里群岛至麦克林托克海峡的狭长海域(例如维多利亚海峡),而这几个海区也是西北航道通航的关键区域,上述区域在风功率密度的大小、有效风速频率、能级频率、资源储量以及变异系数等方面具有较为明显的优势,而且在长期变化中相关要素没有出现显著的衰退信号。

The Northwest Passage is a fragile environment.It is also a strategic location for energy development.Therefore,we evaluated offshore wind energy potential over the Northwest Passage to provide information to support decisions for offshore wind energy site selection and development.Using ERA-Interim wind fields data,we analyzed characteristics of wind energy over the Northwest Passage,including wind power density,and wind energy availability,abundance,stability and storage.Results show that wind energy is abundant in the Northwest Passage with the highest wind energy potential located in the eastern Arctic Ocean around Davis Strait,Amundsen Gulf,and areas between Parry Islands and McClintock Strait(such as Victoria Strait).These regions are key area for maritime transport and have high wind energy potential in terms of wind power density,effective wind speed and energy level occurrence probabilities,energy storage and coefficient of variation without notable signs of decline over the long term.