童年期家庭不良经历与个体成年早期生活机会的研究

A Study of Adverse Family Experience in Childhood and Early Adulthood Life Chances

利用中国健康与养老追踪调查数据,以生命历程理论为视角,分析童年期家庭不良经历对个体成年早期生活机会的影响。研究发现童年期遭受忽视、父母精神异常等家庭不良经历对个体成年早期的生活机会具有显著影响,而遭受忽视强度以及父母精神异常的持续时间亦对成年早期的生活机会产生显著影响。相对于未发生忽视、父母精神异常等家庭不良经历的个体,经受家庭不良经历的个体,其生命事件发生时机出现延迟,且社会经济地位相对弱势,对成年早期的生活机会具有不利影响。上述发现揭示了童年期家庭不良经历对个体成年早期生活机会的微观作用机制,即童年期负向经历的存在和持续,通过作用与改变成年早期生命事件的发生时机、模式和机会结构,实现生命历程的累积效应。

This paper uses the data of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study to analyze the impact of adverse family experience in childhood on early adulthood life chances.It finds that adverse family experience in childhood such as ignorance and parental mental disorders have a significant impact on the individual's early adulthood life chances,and the intensity of ignorance and the duration of parental mental disorders have a significant impact on early adulthood life chances.Compared with individuals who have not experienced adverse family experience,the timing of those having adverse family experiences is delayed,and their socioeconomic status is relatively weak,which has an adverse impact on life chances in early adulthood.These reveal the microscopic mechanism of childhood adverse experiences on early adulthood life chances,that is,the existence and persistence of childhood adverse experiences bring about the cumulative effect of life course by changing the timing,patterns and opportunity structures of life events in early adulthood.