短时高温暴露对菊方翅网蝽成虫存活和生殖特性的影响

Effects of short-term exposure to high temperature on the survival and fecundity of Corythucha marmorata Uhler

为了明确短时高温暴露对菊方翅网蝽成虫存活和生殖特性的影响,将采集的菊方翅网蝽成虫辨别雌、雄后放入玻璃管中,然后将其放入水浴进行短时高温暴露,实验设置了6个温度,分别为35℃、37℃、39℃、41℃、43℃和45℃,暴露时间为2 h,随后将其在26℃下恢复2 h后研究其存活率、寿命、产卵前期、产卵期、产卵量及F 1代存活能力和性比的变化。以饲养在26℃未经高温暴露的菊方翅网蝽为对照。结果表明,在35~39℃范围内,高温暴露2 h对菊方翅网蝽成虫的存活、寿命、产卵期、产卵量、F 1代性比没有影响,但会导致其产卵前期、F 1代卵孵化率和存活率显著延长或下降。41℃下暴露2 h,除了菊方翅网蝽雌虫的存活率与对照没有显著差异外,雄虫的存活率、雌虫的繁殖能力以及后代的存活能力均出现显著下降;菊方翅网蝽成虫在43℃下暴露2 h,其雌雄虫的存活时间均不超过24 h。45℃下暴露2 h,其雌雄虫的存活时间不超过2 h。因此,41℃及其以上的短时高温暴露对菊方翅网蝽的种群发展具有一定的威胁。

The effects of short-term exposure to high temperature on the survival and fecundity of Corythucha marmorata were studied in the laboratory to understand occasional changes in the biological characteristic of C.marmorata encountering high temperature stress.After collected and sexed,the adults of C.marmorata inside the glass tubes were exposed to each of the six temperatures,35℃37℃,39℃,41℃,43℃and 45℃in the water bath for 2 hours.After exposure to high temperature,the adults were placed at 26℃to allow the adults to recover.Then survival rate,longevity,pre-oviposition period,oviposition period,reproduction,fitness and female ratio of F 1 progeny were evaluated after the adults were exposed to high temperature.The adults maintained at 26℃were used as untreated controls.The results showed that the survival rates of both sexual adults,longevity,pre-oviposition period,reproduction and female ratio of F 1 offspring of C.marmorata were not significantly affected after exposure to temperatures of 35~39℃for 2 h.In the contrast,pre-oviposition period,egg hatching rate and F 1 offspring survival rate were prolonged or declined significantly.After exposure to 41℃for 2 h,the adult survival rate,longevity,fecundity and fitness of F 1 progeny decreased significantly from the control,with the exception for female survival rate.The survival rates of male and female adults all died within 24 h at 43℃for 2 h.No adults of both female and male adults survived after exposure to 45℃for 2 h.When the exposure temperature exceeds 41℃,it has the potential threats to the population development of C.marmorata.