日本食蚧蚜小蜂的交配行为及雌蜂生殖系统观察

Studies on the mating behavior and reproductive system of female Coccophagus japonicus Compere

日本食蚧蚜小蜂Coccophagus japonicus Compere是橡副珠蜡蚧Parasaissetia nigra Nietner的优势寄生蜂之一,为明确其交配行为及雌蜂生殖系统构成,本研究在室内观察了该蜂的交配行为、雄蜂交配能力、雌蜂生殖系统等。结果表明:日本食蚧蚜小蜂的交配过程可分为交配前行为、交配、交配后行为3个阶段,整个交配过程平均时间为76.2 s,其中,交配时间为20.6 s;小蜂羽化当天即可交配,雌、雄蜂具有多次交配的习性,雄蜂的交配能力随其日龄的增加而减弱,1日龄的雄蜂交配能力最强,为6.3次/d,雄蜂一生平均能交配36.9次;雌蜂的生殖系统由1对卵巢、1对侧输卵管、1条中输卵管、1个受精囊和外生殖器等组成,卵巢管数量存在变异,其中95.78%雌蜂卵巢具6(3+3)条卵巢管,2.78%雌蜂卵巢具5(3+2)条卵巢管,1.22%的雌蜂卵巢具7(3+4)条卵巢管,0.22%的雌蜂卵巢是具4(2+2,1+3)条卵巢管,还有极个别的雌蜂仅有1个卵巢,由3条卵巢管组成。研究结果表明日本食蚧蚜小蜂有多次交配习性,卵巢存在一定变异。

Coccophagus japonicus Compere is one of the dominant parasitoids of Parasaissetia nigra Nietner.To clarify the mating behavior and reproductive system composition of female C.japonicus,the mating behavior,mating capacity and reproductive system of the wasp were observed in the laboratory.The results showed that the mating process could be divided into 3 phases:pre-mating behavior,mating and post-mating behavior.The whole mating process lasted for 76.2 seconds in average and mating lasted for 20.6 seconds in average.The wasp could mate on the day of emergence.Male and female wasps could mate repeatedly.The mating capacity of males decreased with day age.The one-day-old males had the highest mating capacity,which was 6.3 times per day in average.In the whole life of male wasps,they could mate for 36.9 times in average.The reproductive system of female C.japonicus was composed of one pair of ovaries,one pair of lateral oviducts,one pair of median oviducts,one spermatheca and external genitalia.The ovariole numbers of C.japonicus females were different.The statistics showed that 95.78%female ovaries had 6 ovarioles(3+3),2.78%had 5 ovarioles(3+2),1.22%had 7 ovarioles(3+4),0.22%had 4 ovarioles(2+2 or 1+3)and in very few cases,females had only one ovary with 3 ovarioles.The results showed that the C.japonicus could multiple mating and there was some variation in their ovaries.