金属增材制造数值模拟

Numerical simulation on metallic additive manufacturing

金属增材制造过程是一个多尺度多物理场耦合问题,包括复杂的传热传质、相变和材料微观组织演化等物理现象.因此,本文从传热传质和材料微观组织演化两个方面,详细论述了金属增材制造的数值模拟研究现状.以所关注的物理现象和求解问题的尺度不同为主线归纳了已有的热源模型、传热传质数值计算模型(包括粉末尺度的高保真热流耦合模型、基于连续体假设的热流耦合模型、基于连续体假设的热传导模型)和微观组织演化预测模型(包括相场模型、元胞自动机法、动力学蒙特卡洛法),并分析了各个模型的优势和适用范围,进一步论述了"过程-组织-性能"集成耦合模拟模型.在此基础上,总结了金属增材制造数值模拟面临的挑战和发展趋势.

The metallic additive manufacturing process is a multi-scale and multi-physics coupling problem,including complex physics phenomena,i.e.,mass and heat transfer,phase transformation,and material microstructure evolution.Therefore,in this work,we thoroughly reviewed the numerical simulation studies on metallic additive manufacturing in two folds,the mass and heat transfer,and material microstructure evolution.In light of the physics phenomena and the length scale of the problems concerned,we summarized the commonly used heat source models,mass and heat transfer numerical models(including powder scale high fidelity thermo-fluid flow coupling model,continuum-based thermo-fluid coupling model,and continuum-based heat conduction model),and the microstructure prediction models(including phase-field model,cellular automaton method,kinetic Monte Carlo method)followed by the discussions on their advantages and applicability.Furthermore,the"process-structure-property"integrated numerical models are reviewed.The numerical simulation challenges for the metallic additive manufacturing are finally presented in addition to the prospect.