榆林十六窟壁画楼阁的铺作形制复原及其意义探析

A Restoration Study on the Dougong's Form of Dunhuang Murals in the 16th Yulin Fresco

铺作的形制演变是我们认识传统建筑区期特征的重要抓手,这其中尤以下昂最为关键,因其样式变异最为频繁,且与其他构件间的交接逻辑每有改动,都将导致整组铺作的安勘方式随之变化。本文围绕绘制于五代时期的榆林十六窟壁画楼阁图像,分析其下昂呈现的特殊细节,借助逻辑推导和实例佐证对其整体状貌进行复原。在此基础上探索促使其形成的构造和形式动因,并据之查证符合其本质特征的类似实例的分布与演变情况,探讨其与唐、宋官式为代表的两大营造体系间的技术关联性,评述其在技术史发展中的独特地位。

The traditional wooden structure's features could be recognized through the Dougong's form evolution,especially through the Ang element,due to its frequent change and the coupling effect caused by connecting logic.This article argues that the particularity of the Dougong image drawn in the 16 th Yulin fresco of Dunhuang murals can be restored by logical deduction and some circumstantial evidence,hence to outline the distribution and evolution in the instance of this class.Thereby it explores the technical relevance of such kind artisan system between Tang and Song's official technology,and ultimately attempting to comment on its historical value.