益阳市职业性苯接触工人职业健康状况调查

Investigation on occupational health of benzene-exposed workers in Yiyang City

目的了解益阳市苯作业工人职业健康状况,为预防苯所致职业病提供技术支撑。方法收集2015—2019年间益阳地区苯作业工人在岗期间职业健康检查资料,并对其血常规检查结果进行统计分析。结果 3 381例苯作业工人中发现职业禁忌证12例,未发现疑似职业病或苯所致职业病,其白细胞、中性粒细胞及血小板偏低检出率分别为4.97%、1.83%和0.15%,不同地区、不同年龄组间的差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。白细胞及中性粒细胞偏低检出率在不同年份、不同行业、规模及经济类型企业之间的差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。女性白细胞偏低检出率高于男性,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=22.01,P<0.05)。0~1与7~9年工龄组白细胞偏低检出率较高,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=22.01,P<0.05)。结论益阳地区苯作业工人职业健康状况良好。用人单位应尽量安排男性从事苯作业,并重点关注接苯7~9年劳动者的健康状况。监管部门应重点关注国有经济企业、小型企业、批发与零售业苯作业工人的职业健康管理。

Objective To understand the occupational health status of benzene-exposed workers in Yiyang City,provide technical support for the prevention of occupational diseases caused by benzene.Methods The data of in-service occupational health examination of benzene-exposed workers in Yiyang City were collected,and the blood routine examination results were statistically analyzed.Results Totally 12 cases of occupational contraindications were found in 3381 benzene-exposed workers,but there were no cases of suspected occupational disease or occupational disease caused by benzene.The detection rate of low white blood cells,neutrophils and platelets was 4.97%,1.83%and 0.15%,respectively,and there were no statistically significant differences among different regions and different age groups(all P>0.05).The differences in the detection rate of low white blood cells and low neutrophils were statistically significant among different years,industries,enterprise sizes and economic types(all P<0.05).The detection rate of low white blood cells in women was higher than that in men,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^2=22.01,P<0.05).The detection rates of low white blood cells in 0-1 and 7-9 year-old groups were higher,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^2=22.01,P<0.05).Conclusion The occupational health status of benzene-exposed workers in Yiyang City is good.Employers should try to arrange men for benzene related work and focus on the health status of workers exposed to benzene for 7-9 years.Regulatory authorities should focus on the occupational health management of benzene-exposed workers in state-owned economic enterprises,small enterprises,and wholesale and retail industries.