护理人员主观幸福感现状及其与工作倦怠的相关性研究

A study on status of nurses' subjective well-being and its correlation with job burnout

目的了解咸阳地区护理人员主观幸福感现状,探讨工作倦怠对主观幸福感的影响。方法采用分层抽样和整群抽样的方法,于2017年6月抽取咸阳市8所医院的1 250名护理人员,调查其一般情况、主观幸福感和工作倦怠情况,分析工作倦怠对主观幸福感的影响。结果护理人员主观幸福感评分为71.10±9.28,工作倦怠评分为50.51±11.92;不同性别、年龄、工龄、职称的护理人员主观幸福感评分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);工作倦怠与主观幸福感呈显著负相关(r=-0.88,P<0.01),工作倦怠对主观幸福感有负向预测作用,其中成就感降低和情感耗竭对主观幸福感的作用最大(β=-0.157、-0.125,均P<0.05)。结论咸阳地区护理人员主观幸福感处于中等水平,不同人口学特征护理人员主观幸福感存在一定的差异,工作倦怠对主观幸福感有负向预测作用,其中成就感降低和情感耗竭预测作用最大。

Objective To know the current situation of subjective well-being of nurses in Xianyang,explore the impact of job burnout on subjective well-being.Methods By using the stratified sampling and cluster sampling,1250 nurses from eight hospitals in Xianyang City were selected to investigate their general situation,subjective well-being and job burnout in June 2017,and to analyze the impact of job burnout on subjective well-being.Results The scores of subjective well-being and job burnout of nurses were 71.10±9.28 and 50.51±11.92 respectively.There were statistically significant differences in subjective well-being scores among nurses of different gender,age,working years and professional title(all P<0.05).Job burnout was significantly negatively correlated with subjective well-being,and job burnout could negatively predict subjective well-being,in which reduced sense of achievement and emotional exhaustion had the greatest effect on subjective well-being(β=-0.157,-0.125,both P<0.05).Conclusion The subjective well-being of nurses in Xianyang is at a medium level,and there are some differences in subjective well-being of nurses with different demographic characteristics.Job burnout can negatively predict subjective well-being,while reduced sense of achievement and emotional exhaustion has the greatest effect on subjective well-being.