糖尿病患者口腔细菌多样性的变化

Bacterial diversity of oral flora in patients with diabetes

口腔菌群的生态平衡失调与口腔疾病及全身性疾病密切相关。牙周病与糖尿病之间存在密切的双向关系。牙周病的始动因素是细菌,糖尿病作为牙周病的主要危险因素之一,是否能通过影响人体口腔细菌多样性来影响牙周病的发生发展仍旧存在争议。多数学者认为,细菌可能是糖尿病和牙周疾病相互作用的关键一环,糖尿病患者口腔细菌多样性的改变可能在其中起到较为关键的作用;部分学者则认为,糖尿病患者口腔细菌多样性与非糖尿病患者的差异并不明显。本文综述了不同的观点,并总结糖尿病影响口腔菌群的可能机制。糖尿病患者唾液、龈沟液中葡萄糖水平的改变、炎症及炎症因子的变化是糖尿病对口腔细菌多样性产生影响的主要原因。

The ecological imbalance of oral flora is closely related to oral and systemic diseases.Studies have found a close two-way relationship between periodontal disease and diabetes.The starting factor of periodontal disease is bacteria.Diabetes is one of the main risk factors for periodontal disease.Whether diabetes affects the development of periodontal disease by affecting the structure of human oral flora remains controversial.Most researchers believe that bacteria may be the key link in the interaction between diabetes and periodontal disease.The change in oral bacterial diversity in patients with diabetes may play a key role.Some believe that the oral bacterial diversity of patients with and without diabetes does not differ.This article reviews the different perspectives of the effects of diabetes on the structure of oral flora in recent years and describes possible mechanisms.The changes in glucose levels in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid,inflammation,and inflammatory factors in patients with diabetes are the main reasons for the influence of diabetes on oral bacterial diversity.