Identifying Similar Operation Scenes for Busy Area Sector Dynamic Management

面向繁忙区域扇区动态管理的相似运行场景识别

Air traffic controllers face challenging initiatives due to uncertainty in air traffic.One way to support their initiatives is to identify similar operation scenes.Based on the operation characteristics of typical busy area control airspace,an complexity measurement indicator system is established.We find that operation in area sector is characterized by aggregation and continuity,and that dimensionality and information redundancy reduction are feasible for dynamic operation data base on principle components.Using principle components,discrete features and time series features are constructed.Based on Gaussian kernel function,Euclidean distance and dynamic time warping(DTW)are used to measure the similarity of the features.Then the matrices of similarity are input in Spectral Clustering.The clustering results show that similar scenes of trend are not ideal and similar scenes of modes are good base on the indicator system.Finally,actual vertical operation decisions for area sector and results of identification are compared,which are visualized by metric multidimensional scaling(MDS)plots.We find that identification results can well reflect the operation at peak hours,but controllers make different decisions under the similar conditions before dawn.The compliance rate of busy operation mode and division decisions at peak hours is 96.7%.The results also show subjectivity of actual operation and objectivity of identification.In most scenes,we observe that similar air traffic activities provide regularity for initiatives,validating the potential of this approach for initiatives and other artificial intelligence support.

由于空中交通的不确定性,管制员在策略制定时面临着很大的挑战,而相似运行场景识别是一种很好的辅助管制员进行策略制定的方法。基于典型繁忙区域管制空域的运行特征建立了复杂度度量指标体系,在此基础上分析出区域扇区运行特征具有聚集性及连续性的特点,利用主成分分析有效地降低了数据维度和信息冗余,并利用主成分构建了代表运行模式场景和运行趋势场景的离散特征和时序特征。基于高斯核函数,采用欧氏距离和动态时间规整(Dynamic time warping,DTW)方法对特征间的相似度进行了度量,将度量结果输入到谱聚类模型中得到场景识别结果。聚类结果表明,基于上述指标体系,相似运行趋势场景识别效果不明显,相似模式场景识别结果较理想。最后采用多维缩放(Multidimensional scaling,MDS)方法对相似模式场景识别结果与扇区实际垂直运行进行了可视化对比,识别结果在高峰时刻能很好的反映运行情况,高峰时刻繁忙运行模式和开扇运行的匹配率达到96.7%,并分析出凌晨时段管制员在相似的场景下会做出不同决策,实验结果表明了识别结果的客观性及实际运行的主观性。相似的空中交通活动为管制策略制定提供了规律性支撑,也证明了这种方法在管制运行中对其他人工智能技术及动态策略制定的支持潜力。