碳交易背景下控排企业林业碳汇需求意愿及其影响因素——基于计划行为理论的探讨

Demand Willingness and Influencing Factors of Emission Control Enterprises for Forest Carbon Sink in the Context of Carbon Trade:Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior

【目的】控排企业是碳排放权交易的重要参与主体之一,也是碳市场中林业碳汇的关键需求载体,研究控排企业林业碳汇需求意愿的形成过程,识别影响控排企业林业碳汇需求意愿的核心因素,对于科学引导控排企业选择绿色履约方式,实现市场化、生态化森林生态补偿具有重要的现实意义。【方法】基于计划行为理论框架和企业自然资源基础观,探究碳交易背景下控排企业林业碳汇需求意愿的行为态度、主观规范和感知行为控制3个维度影响因素来源的理论根基和深层逻辑关系,构建出控排企业林业碳汇需求意愿理论模型,利用396份控排企业实际调研数据,选用Heckman两阶段模型实证检验各因素对控排企业林业碳汇选择意愿和需求程度的影响。【结果】绝大多数控排企业在有林业碳汇选择意愿的前提下,会尽可能多地使用林业碳汇减排量。管理者环境观念、绿色企业文化、林业碳汇双重优势、合作伙伴、减排成本和政策支持对控排企业林业碳汇的选择意愿有显著影响;管理者环境观念、林业碳汇双重优势、合作伙伴、消费者、减排成本和政策支持对控排企业林业碳汇需求程度有显著影响;管理者环境观念、林业碳汇双重优势、合作伙伴、减排成本和政策支持构成影响控排企业林业碳汇需求意愿的核心因素。【结论】从管理者环境伦理、利益相关者驱动和企业减排压力的视角为控排企业林业碳汇需求意愿形成过程提供一个新的理论解释方案,扩宽了计划行为理论在企业绿色减排研究中的适用范围,明确了碳交易情境下影响控排企业林业碳汇需求意愿的核心因素,为推进控排企业选择林业碳汇实际需求和促进林业碳汇市场化价值实现提供理论参考与管理启示。

【Objective】Emission-control enterprise(ECE)is not only one of the vital participants in carbon emission trading,but also the key party demanding for forest carbon sink(FCS)in the carbon market.Studying the process of forming the demands for FCS,and important influencing factors of ECE’s demand willing of FCS is of great significance to scientifically guide the ECE to choose the way of emission reduction,to realize market and ecological forest ecological compensation.【Method】Based on the framework of Theory of Planned Behavior(TPB)and Enterprise’Natural Resources-based views,this paper illustrates theoretical foundation and deep logical relationship of the influencing factors with behavior attitude,subjective norm and behavior control in ECE’s demand willingness of FCS under the carbon emission trade,constructs a theoretical model of the demand willingness of FCS of ECE,uses 396 ECE’s data to identify the important influencing factors with Heckman two-stage model.【Result】Most of the ECEs will use FCS as much as possible on the premise that they are willing to choose FCS.Manager’s environmental view,green enterprise’culture,double advantages,partnership,emission reduction cost,policy support have significant effects on the choice of FCS in ECE;while manager’s environmental view,double advantages,partnership,emission reduction cost,policy support,consumer have significant effects on the demand degree of FCS in ECE;manager’s environmental view,double advantages,partnership,emission reduction cost,policy support as the vital factors of FCS’s demand willingness in ECE.【Conclusion】From the perspective of managers’environmental ethics,stakeholders and enterprise emission reduction stress,this paper provides a new theoretical explanation for the formation process of FCS demand willingness in ECE,broadens the applicable scope of planned behavior theory in enterprise green emission reduction research,and provides theoretical reference and management enlightenment for increasing choice of FCS and promoting the realization of FCS market value in ECE.