高强度开采地表移动变形规律及减损关键参数模拟

Simulation of surface movement and deformation rules and detriment key parameters in high-strength mining

煤矿超大工作面高强度开采对地表影响剧烈,环境影响演变迅速。根据神东矿区典型工作面的地质采矿条件,结合数值模拟试验和现场岩移观测数据,利用开采沉陷学、力学和统计学等相关理论,研究超大工作面开采地表移动变形规律和减损关键参数。采用正交试验方法设计工作面长、宽、厚和推进速度4种因素、5个水平的有限差分数值模型进行试验,并在科学计算软件Mathematica中分析模拟得到的地表移动变形量,用受损区在沉陷区的占比这一指标表征开采损坏程度。基于模拟和分析结果,采用方差分析法定量反演超大工作面关键参数对地表受损程度的影响规律,发现控制工作面宽度和采厚对减损开采影响显著。研究结果可为生态脆弱矿区的资源与环境协调开发提供理论和技术参考。

High-intensity mining of super-large working face in the coal mine has a strong impact on the ground surface and lead to rapid environmental evolution.The ground subsidence rules and the key parameters related to surface damage reduction have been studied using the theories of mining subsidence,mechanics and statistics based on the geological and mining conditions,the numerical simulation data,and the subsidence monitoring data of a typical working face in Shendong mining area.Several finite difference numerical simulation tests with four factors and five levels were designed by the orthogonal test method.In these tests,the amounts of surface movements and displacements are analyzed in the scientific calculation software Mathematica.Then,the extent of mining damage is assessed by the ratio of the damaged area to the total subsidence area.Finally,the variance analysis method is used to extract the key parameters of the working face,which have significant influences on the surface damage.On account of the results of simulations and analyses,the working face width and thickness are proved to be the key parameters.This research can provide theoretical and technical support for the coordinated exploitation of resources and the environment in ecologically fragile mining areas.