离子吸附型稀土矿离子交换过程的经验模型

Empirical Model for Ion Exchange Process of Ion Adsorption Type Rare Earth Ore

离子型稀土矿的浸矿工艺中,离子交换过程对稀土浸取率有重要的影响。本研究以硫酸铵作为浸矿剂,选取寻乌和信丰矿样进行了杯浸试验。试验表明,液相稀土离子浓度随加入铵离子浓度的增加而增加;浸矿平衡后固相稀土离子浓度与浸矿前固相稀土离子浓度之比和加入铵离子浓度呈负指数关系。结合试验数据,建立了离子型稀土矿离子交换过程的经验模型,讨论了经验模型中参数λ1和λ2的物理意义和取值方法;与Kerr模型进行比较,对于寻乌矿样,Kerr模型的误差范围为6%~7%,经验模型的误差范围为2%~5%,对于信丰矿样,Kerr模型的误差范围为13%~24%,经验模型的误差范围为3%~6%,经验模型的计算精度优于Kerr模型。

In the leaching process of ion adsorption type rare earth ore,the ion exchange process has an important influence on the rare earth leaching rate.In this study,ammonium sulfate solution was used as the leaching agent,and the cup leaching test was carried out using Xunwu and Xinfeng ore samples.It was found that the aqueous-phase concentration of rare earth ion increased with the increasing of ammonium sulfate concentration,there was a negative exponential relationship between the ratio of solid-phase rare earth ion concentration after leaching to that before leaching and the ammonium ion concentration before leaching.Based on the test data,an empirical model of ion exchange process for ion adsorption type rare earth ore was established,and the physical meanings and the method of determiningλ1 andλ2 in empirical models were discussed.Compared with the Kerr model,the error range of Kerr model and empirical model for the Xunwu ore sample were 6%~7%and 2%~5%,respectively.For the Xinfeng ore sample,the error range of Kerr model and empirical model were 13%~24%and 3%~6%,respectively.The calculation accuracy of the empirical model is better than the Kerr model.