涌浪条件下斜坡式防波堤越浪量的对比分析

Comparison and analysis on overtopping of rubble-mound breakwater under swell action

海外港口工程大部分位于以涌浪为主的海域,涌浪对防波堤的作用未得到全面认识。越浪量一直是斜坡堤设计中需要重点考虑的问题,其直接关系到结构的安全和使用。以某一具体港口防波堤工程为例,对其防波堤进行了波浪断面和局部整体试验,研究涌浪作用下斜坡堤(单坡、无挡浪墙)的平均越浪量,并与计算结果进行对比分析。研究结果表明:1)断面试验和局部整体试验结果表明斜坡堤越浪量随着波浪周期的增大而增大,而国内规范公式计算结果随着波浪周期的增大而减小。2) EurOtop公式越浪量计算结果不考虑波浪周期的影响;ANN(人工神经网络)方法越浪量计算结果也随着波浪周期的增大而增大。3)总体上,ANN方法越浪量计算结果与物理模型试验结果的吻合程度均明显好于国内规范公式和EurOtop公式计算结果。

The majority of the overseas port construction projects are located at areas with swells,but the response of the breakwaters under swell action is not fully known. Overtopping is a key consideration in the design of the rubble-mound breakwater,which is directly related to the safety and performance of the structure. In this paper,based on one actual breakwater construction project of one port,the 2 D and 3 D physical model tests are performed to study the overtopping of the rubble-mound breakwater under swell action,and the test results are compared with the calculation results. The results show that: 1) The overtopping rate results of the rubble-mound breakwater in the 2 D and 3 D model tests both increase with the increase of the wave period,while the calculation results of the overtopping by Chinese codes decrease with the increase of wave period. 2) The calculation results of the overtopping by EurOtop formula have no relationship with the wave period,and the calculation results of the overtopping by ANN( Artificial Neural Network) method decrease with the increase of wave period. 3) In general,the calculation results by ANN method are in better agreement with the physical model test results than the Chinese codes and EurOtop formula.