俄罗斯民族概念学术话语体系构建研究

On the Construction of Academic Discourse System on the Ethno Concepts in Russia

俄罗斯有着历史悠久的民族学研究传统,积累了丰厚而复杂的、有别于西方民族学与人类学理论学派的一整套理论体系。在民族学发展历程中,俄罗斯民族学界构建出时代特征显著、以民族概念为核心的一套学术话语体系。国内俄罗斯民族与民族学研究大多侧重于“苏联模式”民族理论与政策及其后苏联时期的转型与民族学学科建设等,从民族概念学术话语体系的构建进程方面还有待于进一步探讨。本文拟对不同历史时期俄罗斯民族概念学术话语体系的构建及与其对应的Народ、Нация、Этнос、Гражданскаянация和Этнонация等核心名词术语的内涵、关联性以及历史背景进行论述,并展望今后俄罗斯民族学研究的发展趋势。

Russia has a long tradition of ethnological studies,and has accumulated a rich and complex set of theoretical system that is different from the Western ethnological and anthropological schools.In the course of the development of ethnology,Russian ethnological community has constructed a set of academic discourse system with distinctive characteristics of the times and the ethno concepts at the core.Most of the domestic studies on Russian nationalities and Russian ethnology in China have usually focused on the“Soviet model”of nationality theory and policy,as well as their transformation in the post-Soviet period,and the reconstruction of the ethnological discipline.Therefore,the construction process of academic discourse system on the ethno concepts still needs further discussion.This article intends to look into the construction of academic discourse system on the ethno concepts in Russia during different historical periods,and the corresponding connotations,relevance and historical background of such core terms asНарод,Нация,Этнос,ГражданскаянацияandЭтнонация,and look forward to the development trend of Russian ethnology in the future.