长链非编码RNA对阿尔茨海默病作用机制的研究进展

Progress in research on action mechanism of LncRNA in Alzheimer disease

阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer disease,AD)是一种典型的神经退行性疾病。其病程呈进行性发展,临床上主要表现为进行性记忆障碍、认知障碍、人格改变及语言障碍等;AD的病理特征为细胞外β-淀粉样蛋白(extracellularβ-amyloid protein deposition,Aβ)沉积、神经元纤维缠结(neurofibrillary tangles,NFTs)、神经元丢失、突触性和营养不良性神经炎。然而,上述病理变化的发病机制及分子谱目前尚不清楚,给AD的早期诊断及治疗带来了很大的挑战。长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,LncRNA)是一类长度大于200个核苷酸单位的RNA,参与许多神经退行性疾病的发生及发展,如帕金森病(Parkinson,s disease,PD)和AD。越来越多的研究发现,LncRNA与AD间存在密切关系。为了深入了解LncRNA在AD中的作用及机制,本文对BACE1-AS、NEAT1、51A、BC200、EBF3-AS等LncRNA在AD中的作用作一综述,以期为AD的早期诊断及临床治疗提供依据。

Alzheimer disease(AD)is a typical neurodegenerative disease,of which the course is progressive,and the main clinical manifestations are progressive memory impairment,cognitive impairment,personality change and language impairment.Pathological features of AD include extracellularβ-amyloid deposition,neurofibrillary tangles(NFTs),neuronal loss,synaptic and vegetative neuritis.However,the pathogenesis and molecular spectrum of the above pathological changes are still unclear,which brings great challenges to the early diagnosis and treatment of AD.Long noncoding RNA(LncRNA)is a type of RNA with a length of more than 200 nucleotide units,which is involved in the occurrence and development of many neurodegenerative diseases,such as Parkinson disease(PD)and AD.More and more studies have found a close relationship between LncRNAs and AD.Therefore,in order to further understand the role and mechanism of LncRNA in AD,this paper reviews the role of LncRNAs such as BACEL-AS,NEAT1,51 A,BC200 and EBF3-AS in AD,so as to provide a basis for early diagnosis and clinical treatment of AD.