黑龙江省居民新型冠状病毒肺炎认知、态度和行为调查

Investigation on cognition, attitude and behavior on COVID-19 among residents in Heilongjiang Province

目的调查黑龙江省居民对新型冠状病毒肺炎防控知识的掌握和需求情况,为进一步开展防控宣传工作提供科学依据。方法通过网络调查系统,以2020年2—3月在黑龙江省13地市自愿参加调查的居民作为研究对象,采用自填式匿名问卷调查法,调查内容包括人口学特征、新冠肺炎知识知晓情况和新冠肺炎疫情期间防护行为等。结果共收集问卷23 376份,其中,男性14 248人,女性9 128人;城市居民16 444人,农村居民6 932人。90.0%的研究对象对新型冠状病毒肺炎非常关注,主要通过电视和广播,新闻资讯类App和微信获得疫情信息。公众对于新冠肺炎的认知和防控意识较好,城市居民高于农村居民,女性高于男性,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同地区、不同性别调查对象面对疫情的紧张程度不同,城市居民较农村居民更易紧张,女性紧张程度高于男性。结论公众对于新冠肺炎的知信行情况总体较好,不同人群的认知程度、防控意识、紧张程度不同。应采取多种有效手段,加强对普通民众进行传染性疾病预防知识的健康教育和防护行为的正确指导,树立积极的防控态度,降低突发公共卫生事件发生的风险。

Objective To investigate the knowledge and needs among the residents in Heilongjiang Province on the prevention and control of COVID-19 and provide scientific basis for the further promotion of its prevention and control. Methods Through online survey system, the residents who volunteered to participate in the survey in 13 cities in Heilongjiang Province from February to March 2020 were selected as the research objects. A self-filled anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted. The survey contents included demographic characteristics, awareness of COVID-19 knowledge and protective behavior during the pandemic of COVID-19. Results A total of 23376 questionnaires were collected, including 14248 males and 9128 females;16444 were urban residents and 6932 were rural residents. 90.0% of the respondents very concerned about COVID-19, mainly through TV and radio, news and information App and WeChat to obtain the epidemic information. The public’s cognition and prevention awareness of COVID-19 were good,and it was higher in urban residents than that in rural residents, it was higher in females than that in males with statistically significant differences(P<0.05). Different regions and different genders had different levels of stress on the epidemic situation. Urban residents were more likely to be nervous than rural residents, and females were more nervous than males. Conclusion General public’s knowledge, behavior, and attitudes towards COVID-19 are generally good. Different people have different levels of awareness, defense awareness, and nervousness. It is necessary to adopt a variety of effective measures to strengthen the correct guidance of health education and protective behaviors for the general public on the prevention of infectious diseases, to establish positive attitudes towards prevention and control, and reduce the risk of public health emergencies.