拱墅区2015—2018年疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析

Analysis on surveillance of adverse events following immunization in Gongshu District from 2015 to 2018

目的分析杭州市拱墅区2015—2018年疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)监测数据,为正确评价疫苗的安全性提供依据。方法通过中国AEFI信息管理系统收集拱墅区2015—2018年AEFl个案数据,采取描述流行病学方法进行分析,率的比较采用χ^2检验。结果拱墅区2015—2018年共报告AEFI 751例,年均报告发病率为68.62/10万剂。男女性别比为1.24∶1,男性AEFI报告率高于女性(χ^2=5.05,P<0.05);<1岁组最多,占43.54%。每年AEFI报告率相对稳定;灭活类疫苗AEFI报告率高于减毒活类疫苗(χ^2=35.02,P<0.05);90.02%的AEFI发生在接种后2天内;临床诊断以发热/红肿/硬结为主,占88.15%。结论拱墅区AEFI监测敏感性持续保持较高水平,但仍需加强相关培训和督导,以提高AEFI监测质量。

Objective To analyze the surveillance data on adverse events following immunization(AEFI)in Gongshu District from 2015 to 2018, to provide the basis for the correct evaluation of vaccine safety. Methods The data of AEFI cases were collected through Chinese Adverse Events Following Immunization Information Management System from 2015 to 2018 and analyzed by descriptive epidemiology methods, and the rate was compared by chi-square test. Results From 2015 to 2018, A total of 751 AEFI cases were reported in Gongshu District. The annual incidence rate was 68.62/100000. The ratio of male and female was 1.24∶1. The incidence rate in male was higher than that in female(χ^2=5.05, P<0.05). Most of cases were occurred in the infants at age of not more than one year, accounting for 43.54%. The annual AEFI incidence rate was relatively stable. The incidence rate of inactivated vaccine AEFI was higher than that of attenuated live vaccine(χ^2=35.02,P<0.05). There were 90.02% of AEFI cases occurred within two days after vaccination. Clinical symptoms were mainly fever/swelling/induration, accounting for 88.15%. Conclusion In recent years, the surveillance sensitivity of AEFI in Gongshu District has maintained a high level. However, relevant training and supervision should be strengthened to improve the quality of AEFI surveillance.