甘肃省青年学生艾滋病相关知识行为调查

Investigation of HIV-related knowledge and behaviors among young students in Gansu Province

目的了解甘肃省青年学生HIV/AIDS艾滋病特点、知识知晓情况及相关行为特征,为制定针对性防控措施提供科学依据。方法收集2012—2018年甘肃省报告的188例15~24岁青年学生HIV/AIDS的信息和3个国家级青年学生哨点16 858名学生的监测资料,分析艾滋病疫情特点、相关知识水平、行为特征及变化趋势。结果青年学生HIV/AIDS与校外青年病例相比,青年学生HIV/AIDS的小年龄组所占比例更大(χ^2=22.020,P<0.05)、男性比例明显多于女性(P<0.05),大专以上高学历者所占比例明显高于其他学历者(χ^2=168.693,P<0.05)、未婚多于其他婚姻状况者(χ^2=26.160,P<0.05),而且同性传播比例明显高于全部病例同性传播比例(χ^2=24.328,P<0.05);哨点结果显示,在校学生的卫生健康知识仍停留在直观感性的认识层次上;有7.9%承认发生过性行为;发生过性行为的男生中,3.2%最近一年与同性发生过肛交性行为,最近一次同性性行为中,安全套的使用比例为50%;最近一年同性性行为中安全套坚持使用率为20%;61.9%最近一年接受过艾滋病宣传服务。结论甘肃省青年学生艾滋病流行现状需引起高度重视,应强化宣传教育和行为干预,提高艾滋病抗体筛查的便利可及性,落实关怀措施,引导参与,减少艾滋病传播。

Objective To understand the characteristics, knowledge awareness and relative behaviors of HIV/AIDS among young students in Gansu, in order to provide scientific basis for the formulation of targeted prevention and control strategies. Methods The information of 188 students aged from 15 to 24 years old who had been infected with HIV and the monitoring data of 16858 students from 3 national young students monitoring points from 2012 to 2018 in Gansu were collected. The epidemic characteristics of HIV/AIDS, HIV-related knowledge level, behavioral characteristics and the changing trends among young students were analyzed. Results Compared with the adolescents out of schools and the young students, the ratio of HIV/AIDS cases in small age group was significantly higher than the other age groups(χ^2=22.020, P<0.05);the proportion of male was significantly higher than that of female(P<0.05);the proportion of college degrees and above was significantly higher than that of other degrees(χ^2=168.693, P<0.05);the proportion of unmarried was more than other marital status(χ^2=26.160, P<0.05);the proportion of homosexual transmission was higher than that of all the cases(χ^2=24.328, P<0.05);the results from monitoring points showed that students’ health knowledge in schools were still on the cognitive level of intuition and sensibility;there were 7.9% of young students admitted having sexual behaviors;among the boys who had sexual behaviors, there were 3.2% of them had anal sex with the same sex in the last year, the ratio of condom usage in the latest homosexual behavior was 50%;the ratio of consistent condom usage in the homosexual behaviors in the last year was 20%;there were 61.9% of the students received HIV/AIDS publicity services in the last year. Conclusion High attention should be paid to HIV/AIDS epidemic among young students in Gansu Province.It is necessary to strengthen publicity and education, behavioral intervention, and to improve the convenience and accessibility of HIV antibody screening, as well as to implement care measures and guide the participation, in order to reduce the spread of HIV/AIDS.