钽在碳酸乙烯酯-氯化铝溶剂化离子液体中的电化学行为

Electrochemical behavior of tantalum in ethylene carbonate and aluminum chloride solvate ionic liquid

以钨丝为工作电极,通过循环伏安法研究碳酸乙烯酯-氯化铝(EC-AlCl3)溶剂化离子液体中Ta(Ⅴ)的电化学还原机理。在EC-AlCl3-TaCl5离子液体的循环伏安曲线中出现4个还原峰,其中-0.55、-0.72和-1.12 V(vsAl)处还原峰对应的反应为Ta(Ⅴ)络合离子三步还原为金属钽,包括Ta(Ⅳ)和Ta(Ⅲ)络合离子的形成。络合离子Ta(Ⅲ)被还原为金属钽的过程受扩散控制且不可逆,其在323K下的扩散系数为3.7×10^-7cm^2/s,扩散活化能为77k J/mol。另外,对323K下的阴极产物进行扫描电子显微镜、能量分散光谱和X射线光电子能谱分析。结果表明,在-0.8 V下恒电位电沉积2 h的产物为金属钽和钽的氧化物。

To investigate the electrochemical reduction mechanism of Ta(Ⅴ)in ethylene carbonate and aluminum chloride(EC-AlCl3)solvate ionic liquid,cyclic voltammetry experiments were conducted on a tungsten working electrode.Four reduction peaks were observed in the cyclic voltammogram of the EC-AlCl3-TaCl5 ionic liquid.The reduction peaks at-0.55,-0.72,and-1.12 V(vs Al)were related to the reduction of Ta(Ⅴ)to tantalum metal by three stages including the formation of Ta(Ⅳ)and Ta(Ⅲ)complex ions.The reduction of Ta(Ⅲ)to tantalum metal was an irreversible diffusion-controlled reaction with a diffusion coefficient of 3.7×10^-7 cm^2/s at 323 K,and the diffusion activation energy was 77 k J/mol.Moreover,the cathode products at 323 K were characterized by scanning electron microscopy,energy-dispersive spectroscopy,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.The results showed that tantalum metal and tantalum oxides were obtained by potentiostatic electrodeposition at-0.8 V for 2 h.