柳州市24例新型冠状病毒肺炎患者流行病学及临床特征分析

Analysis of epidemiology and clinical characteristics in 24 patients with COVID-19 in Liuzhou

目的分析柳州市24例确诊新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)患者的流行病学及临床特征,为有效防控疫情提供参考。方法回顾性分析柳州三家定点医院收治的24例COVID-19患者的流行病学特点、临床症状、实验室检查情况、影像学资料、治疗及转归。结果24例确诊患者中,男14例,女10例,平均年龄(38.92±17.15)岁;其中23例(95.8%)患者有武汉旅居史或与确诊病例接触史,有14例(58.3%)为聚集性发病,有9例(37.5%)合并基础疾病或其他疾病,中位潜伏期为5 d。患者最常见的初始症状为发热(62.9%)、咳嗽(45.8%)及乏力(37.5%),7例(29.2%)患者白细胞降低,5例(20.8%)患者淋巴细胞计数降低,6例(25.0%)患者C反应蛋白升高,5例(20.8%)患者血沉升高,15例(62.5%)患者CD4+T淋巴细胞计数下降,10例(41.7%)患者CD8+T淋巴细胞计数下降;19例(79.2%)患者胸部CT出现单侧或双侧肺磨玻璃样密度影、斑片状高密度影。所有患者给予抗病毒治疗,15例(62.5%)患者给予抗生素治疗,14例(58.3%)患者给予免疫支持治疗,2例(8.3%)患者使用糖皮质激素治疗。治疗后24例患者核酸检测均阴转,阴转中位时间为15 d(5~47 d),全部治愈出院。结论COVID-19传染性强,人群普遍易感,患者以发热、咳嗽、乏力为主要临床表现,多数患者胸部CT出现阴影、出现CD4+T计数下降,普通型患者多见,积极治疗后一般较快痊愈。

Objective To analyze the epidemiology and clinical characteristics in 24 patients with COVID-19 in Liuzhou,so as to provide references for effective epidemic prevention and control.Methods The epidemiological characteristics,clinical symptoms,laboratory examination status,imaging data,treatment and outcome of 24 COVID-19 patients admitted to three appointed hospitals in Liuzhou were analyzed retrospectively.Results Among the 24 confirmed patients,14 were males and 10 were females,with an average age of(38.92±17.15).Of them,23 patients(95.8%)had a history of travel or residence in Wuhan,or a contact history of confirmed cases,14 patients(58.3%)were cluster onset,and 9 patients(37.5%)had underlying diseases or other diseases,with median incubation period in 5 days.The most common initial symptoms of patients were fever(62.9%),cough(45.8%),and fatigue(37.5%).Seven patients(29.2%)had a decrease in white blood cells,5 patients(20.8%)had a decrease in lymphocyte count,and 6 patients(25.0%)had an elevation in C-reactive protein,5 patients(20.8%)had an elevation in erythrocyte sedimentation rate,15 patients(62.5%)had a decrease in lymphocyte count of CD4+T cell,and 10 patients(41.7%)had a decrease in lymphocyte count of CD8+T cell.Nineteen patients(79.2%)showed unilateral or bilateral ground-glass opacity and patchy shadow on chest CT.All patients were given antiviral therapy,15 patients(62.5%)were administered antibiotics,14 patients(58.3%)were administered immuno-supportive therapy,and 2 patients(8.3%)were given glucocorticoid therapy.The nucleic acid tests of 24 patients were negative after treatment,the median time of negative conversion was 15 days(5-47 days),and all of them were cured and discharged.Conclusion COVID-19 is highly infectious,and the population is generally susceptible.The main clinical manifestations of patients are fever,cough,and fatigue.Most patients have shadows on chest CT and a decrease in CD4+T cell count.The ordinary type is more common in patients,and patients usually recover quickly after active treatment.