基质中化肥施用量对辣椒穴盘苗生长的影响

Effects Fertilizer Application Amount in Substrate on Growth of Pepper Plug Seedlings

【目的】研究基质中不同化肥施用量对辣椒穴盘苗生长的影响,筛选适合新疆和田地区辣椒(Capsicum frutescence L.)穴盘育苗基质中适宜的化肥施用量。【方法】选择辣椒品种航椒S605为试材,以椰糠∶沙子∶有机肥=20∶1∶1为育苗基质配方进行辣椒穴盘育苗,育苗期间将尿素、磷酸二氢钾、硫酸钾按不同比例进行施肥,通过对基质中不同化肥施用量的辣椒幼苗生长状况、生理指标的观测和比较,筛选出适合新疆和田地区辣椒穴盘苗生长的化肥施用量。【结果】采用椰糠:商品有机肥∶沙子=20∶1∶1(体积比)的基质配方进行辣椒育苗时,处理2(N∶P2O5∶K2O=200∶200∶200,g/m^3)的辣椒幼苗在茎粗、干重、干鲜比等方面优于其他处理。处理2(N∶P2O5∶K2O=200∶200∶200,g/m^3)的壮苗指数最大,为0.0996。处理4(N:P2O5∶K2O=400∶400∶400,g/m^3)的辣椒幼苗在株高、茎粗、叶面积等方面均是最小值,壮苗指数也是最小,仅为0.0556。【结论】处理2(N∶P2O5∶K2O=200∶200∶200,g/m^3)可以作为辣椒穴盘育苗时基质中的化肥施用量,有利于辣椒幼苗的生长。

【Objective】To select the suitable amount of chemical fertilizer in the substrate for pepper(Capsicum frutescence L.)plug seedling cultivation in Hotan region of Xinjiang.【Method】In this experiment,hot pepper variety Hangjiao S605 was selected as the testing material,coconut bran∶fine sand∶organic fertilizer=20∶1∶1 was used as seedling substrate formula to carry out pepper plug seedling experiments,and during seedling raising,urea,potassium hydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate were fertilized according to different proportions;By observing and comparing the growth status and physiological indexes of pepper seedlings with different fertilizer application rates in the substrate,the effects of different fertilizer application rates on the growth of pepper plug seedlings were studied so as to screen out the fertilizer application amount suitable for the growth of pepper plug seedlings in Hotan region of Xinjiang.【Results】The result showed that when pepper seedlings were raised with the matrix formula of coconut bran∶commercial organic fertilizer∶sand=20∶1∶1(volume ratio),treatment 2(the application amounts of N,P2O5 and K2O are 200,200,200 g/m^3,respectively)was superior to other treatments in stem diameter,dry weight and dry-fresh ratio.The strong seedling index of treatment 2 was the largest,0.099,6;The strong seedling index of CK was 0.068,8.Many indexes of treatment 4(the application amounts of N,P2O5 and K2O are 400,400,400 g/m^3,respectively)were the minimum,and strong seedling index was also the minimum,only 0.0556.【Conclusion】Therefore,treatment 2(the application amounts of N,P2O5 and K2O are 200,200,200 g/m^3,respectively)can be used as the amount of chemical fertilizer in the substrate for pepper plug seedling raising,which is beneficial to the growth of pepper seedlings.