中西方“双重城”空间结构形成过程的比较研究——以中古时期的莱顿、宁波、伍斯特和扬州城为例

A comparative study on the formation process of the"Double city"spatial structure between China and the West:A case study of Leiden,Ningbo,Worcester and Yangzhou City in the Middle ancient times

城市的空间结构是长期变化过程的结果,由于客观条件的限制,当前对于古代城市的研究主要集中在区位变迁、几何形态、功能区、中轴线等角度。对于在时、空两个向度上都很复杂的城市,比较研究相似形态构造的累积变化过程,总结发生学规律,有益于城市历史景观的深入识别。以四座中古时期欧洲与中国具有相似“双重城”结构的城市为研究对象,梳理古代城市由单一城池演变为双重城池的历史进程,分析城市空间形态和功能布局的特点,并比较研究其异同,从而归纳“双重城”城市形态演变的内在机制,包括演变的规律和演变的动力。

The spatial structure of the city is the result of long-term changes,Due to the limitations of data and methods,the current research on ancient cities mainly focuses on the changes of location,geometry,functional areas,central axis and other angles.It is helpful to identify the historic landscape of the city by comparing and studying the cumulative change process of similar morphological structure,and then summarizing the evolution law.This article takes Ningbo and Yangzhou in the Tang Dynasty,Worcester and Leiden in the Middle Ages as the object of study.Based on analyzing the spatial growth process from a single city to a double city wall and moat,and comparing the similarities and differences of urban spatial form and function layout,an extended discussion was made on the regularity and influencing factors of the evolution of cities with double city wall and moat.