易腐垃圾生物处置的典型案例与全生命周期评价

Typical cases and life cycle assessment of biotechnology treatment of rotten garbage

针对生物处置技术中的生物好氧堆肥方式和阳光房厌氧发酵方式处置易腐垃圾,建立模型并收集能源和环境排放的数据,采用全生命周期评价方法进行评价,并与传统的填埋、焚烧方式对比。结果表明:在能源消耗方面,阳光房厌氧发酵处置的能源消耗为61.190 MJ/t易腐垃圾,生物好氧堆肥处置的能源消耗为642.376 MJ/t易腐垃圾;在环境影响方面,生物好氧堆肥处置对环境影响的加权值为-20.237,阳光房厌氧发酵处置的为0.302。在能源消耗方面,阳光房厌氧发酵处置易腐垃圾方式低于生物好氧堆肥方式,但均高于填埋、焚烧处置方式。在对环境影响方面,生物好氧堆肥方式为最佳方案,对环境产生正面影响。阳光房厌氧发酵方式对环境产生负面影响,但仍优于焚烧处置方案。

Compared with traditional landfill and incineration,a model for biological aerobic compost and solar anaerobic fermentation for rotten garbage in biological disposal technology was established,energy and environmental emission data was collected and assessed by life cycle analysis.The results showed that,in terms of energy consumption,the energy consumption of solar anaerobic fermentation treatment is 61.190 MJ/ton of rotten garbage,and the energy consumption of biological aerobic composting treatment is 642.376 MJ/ton of rotten garbage.In terms of environmental impact,the weighted value of biological aerobic composting treatment to environmental impact is-20.237,and that of solar anaerobic fermentation is 0.302.Considering energy consumption,the solar anaerobic fermentation technology is lower to the biological aerobic composting technology,but both are higher than landfill,incineration disposal.Considering environmental impact,biological aerobic composting is the best solution and has a positive impact on the environments.Solar anaerobic fermentation has a negative impact on the environment,but still better than incineration.