教育实证研究这五年:特征、趋势及展望

Empirical Education Research in China(2015—2019):Characteristics,Trends and Prospects

全国教育实证研究论坛创立并连续举办五届以来,参会人员规模持续增长。学术交流的繁荣景象是否也意味着实证方法在我国教育研究的应用越来越普遍?实证研究在哪些机构、哪些学者、哪些领域被更多采用?为了回应上述疑问,我们在清晰界定教育实证研究基础上,选取15种高水平教育学期刊为样本,对其2015—2019年间发表的3808篇论文进行文献计量分析。研究发现:在过去五年,我国教育实证研究持续增长,被更广泛地采用,但与主要发达国家的普及程度比,还有很大差距;师范院校发表的实证研究论文数量居于各类机构前列,实证研究论文占其论文总数比例快速增长,但仍处于不同类型机构的最低水平;教育实证研究中一半以上的论文由多个机构合作完成,独立发表的论文占比从63.4%下降到了57.8%,合作发表的论文占比则相应提高了5.6个百分点;教育实证研究核心作者的年龄呈现年轻化趋势;过去五年教育实证研究的核心作者一半以上具有教育学以外的跨学科背景,从年度核心作者的专业背景分布变化看,跨学科的作者占比持续上升;过去五年,教育实证研究的主题丰富多元,不同类型机构的研究主题差异明显。对于我国教育实证研究的未来发展,我们认为,鉴于师范院校在教育研究中居于主体地位,其实证转型步伐的加快将会在根本上改变我国教育研究的范式;跨学科、跨机构的合作研究将继续增长并推动教育实证研究向前发展;青年学者对教育实证研究的偏好会成为推动实证转型的内生动力;全面推动科研国际合作会加速我国教育实证研究转型。

Since the establishment and organization of the National Educational Empirical Research Forum for five consecutive years,the number of participants has been growing.Does the prosperity of academic exchanges mean that empirical methods are more and more widely used in educational research in China?Which institutions,scholars and fields is empirical research more widely used in?In response to the above questions,the study selected 15 high-level educational journals as samples based on the empirical research on clearly defined education,and conducted a bibliometric analysis of 3808 papers published between 2015 and 2019.The result shows that in the past five years,empirical research on education in China continues to grow and is more widely used.However,there is still a huge gap compared with the universal use in developed countries.The number of empirical research papers published by normal universities is larger than that of other institutions,and the proportion of empirical research papers in the total number is growing rapidly,but it is at the lowest level of different types of institutions.In the empirical studies on education,more than half of the papers were co-completed by multiple institutions,and the proportion of papers published independently decreased from 63.4%to 57.8%,while the proportion of co-published papers increased by 5.6 percentage.The core authors of the empirical study on education are getting younger.More than half of the core authors of empirical studies on education in the past five years have interdisciplinary backgrounds other than pedagogy.From the perspective of the changes in the professional background distribution of the annual core authors,the proportion of interdisciplinary authors continues to rise.In the past five years,the subjects of empirical research on education have been rich and diverse,with obvious differences among different types of institutions.For the future development of empirical research on education in China,we believe that in view of the dominant position of normal universities in education research,the acceleration of empirical transformation will fundamentally change the paradigm of education research in China.Collaborative research across disciplines and institutions will continue to grow and advance empirical research in education.Young scholars'preference for empirical research on education will become the endogenous driving force to promote empirical transformation.Comprehensively promoting international cooperation in scientific research will help accelerate the transformation of empirical research on education in China.