三萜类化合物抗病毒的构效关系及其作用机制研究进展

Structure-activity relationships and mechanisms of triterpenoids against virus

三萜类化合物广泛存在于自然界中,因其具有抗肿瘤、抗病毒、抗菌、抗炎和免疫调节等多种药理活性而受到广泛关注。而天然三萜中的齐墩果酸、熊果酸、甘草酸和白桦酸等化合物都表现出较好的抗病毒活性。本文综述了以四环三萜和五环三萜为主的三萜类化合物及其衍生物在抗病毒活性方面的研究进展,重点介绍了其抗艾滋病毒、抗流感病毒、抗冠状病毒和抗乙肝/丙肝病毒的构效关系及其作用机制,以期为设计和开发新型的抗病毒分子结构提供参考。

Triterpenoids are widely present in nature and have received wide attention because of their anti-tumor,anti-viral,antibacterial,anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory pharmacological activities.The compounds such as oleanolic acid,ursolic acid,glycyrrhizic acid and betulinic acid in natural triterpenes all showed good antiviral activity.This review summarizes the advances of triterpenoids and their derivatives exemplified by tetracyclic triterpenes and pentacyclic triterpenes,and focusses on the structure-activity relationships and mechanisms of anti-HIV,anti-influenza,anti-coronavirus and anti-HBV/HCV.Thus,it would provide clues for rational design and development of novel anti-viral agents for the future.