项目资助能有效提高异质性条件下农民收入吗?

Can Government Project Funding Effectively Increase Farmers’Income Under Heterogeneous Conditions?

促进农民增收,不仅关乎农户基本权益,更涉及“乡村振兴”战略的有序推进。利用4省774户农户调研数据,采用偏差调整倾向得分匹配法与分类检验,研究农户在经营业务与规模等异质性条件下资源禀赋条件、组织环境变迁因素对农户增收的影响。结果显示:政府资助项目确实与农户增收存在内在因果关联;无论获资助与否,资源禀赋条件对规模农户、蔬果种植农户的增收有益,但对小农户、养殖户的增收效果不显著;而粮食种植户一旦能获得政府项目资助,上述资源禀赋优势才会有利于其增收;参与合作社经营的带动小农发展与实现增收效果明显;办家庭农场、参与农村电商等形式对普通小农户、粮食种植户的增收效果不显著;规模农户、蔬果种植户增收可依靠发展农村电商、加入合作社与成立家庭农场的方式来实现。获得项目后,养殖业农户的收入与参加合作社、发展电商正相关显著程度会明显改善。

Promoting income growth of peasants is not just vital to the basic rights and interests of peasants,but also to the orderly implementation of the“Rural Revitalization”strategy.The research,based on the survey data of 774 peasant households from 4 provinces,uses deviation adjustment propensity score matching and sorting inspection to study the impact of resource endowment and organizational environmental changes on peasants’income growth,under the heterogeneous conditions of businesses and scale.The results indicate that(1)there is a causal correlation between government-funded projects and peasants’income growth;(2)whether being funded or not,good resource endowment contributes to the income growth for peasants of agricultural management of scale,vegetable growers,and fruit growers.But the influence is not so significant for small farmers and livestock farmers.More importantly,only when grain growers obtain projects sponsored by the government will the resource endowment advantage takes effect;(3)small farmers participating in agricultural cooperatives management can realize income growth obviously;family farms,e-commerce in rural areas do not have obvious effect on the income growth for ordinary small peasants and grain growers;while farmers engaged in agricultural management of scale,vegetable growers,and fruit growers can rely on e-commerce,agricultural cooperatives management or family farms to realize income growth.Once obtaining projects,livestock farmers’income will have more evidently positive correlation with e-commerce and agricultural cooperatives management.Finally some specific policies are suggested.