海州露天矿及周边水环境重金属调查与评价

Investigation and Evaluation of Heavy Metals in Haizhou Open-pit Mine and Surrounding Water Environment

针对海州露天矿及周边的浅层地下水水质、矿井排水水质及地表水水质进行检测,开展水环境重金属污染的调查与评价,结果表明:浅层地下水中,Cu为Ⅲ类或优于Ⅲ类指标;Pb的Ⅳ或Ⅴ类指标为86.21%;Ni的Ⅳ或Ⅴ类指标为58.62%,Cr+6的Ⅳ或Ⅴ类指标为17.24%,Mn的Ⅳ或Ⅴ类指标为20.69%。Pb和Ni为调查区的主要污染指标,污染严重区主要分布在矸石山和排土场附近。矿井水中,Cu均达到Ⅲ类或优于Ⅲ类指标,Cr+6均达到Ⅲ类或优于Ⅲ类指标,Ni的Ⅳ或Ⅴ类指标为25%,Pb和Mn的Ⅳ或Ⅴ类指标为75%。地表水样品中,一组样品的Pb含量超标,为不合格,其余样品均在标准范围内。部分住宅区浅层地下水、海州矿深层矿井水和河流干流地表水,可用于各种用途;其它地下或地表水体可用于工业、环境或农业等领域。

The water quality of shallow underground water,mine drainage water and surface water in Haizhou open-pit mine and surrounding areas were tested,and the investigation and evaluation of heavy metal pollution in water environment were carried out.The investigation results showed that in the shallow groundwater,Cu wasⅢclass or better thanⅢindexes.The percentage of Pb meetingⅣorⅤclass index was 86.21%.The portion of Ni reachingⅣorⅤclass index was 58.62%.The percent of Cr+6 meetingⅣorⅤclass index was 17.24%,and that of Mn reachingⅣorⅤclass index was 20.69%.Pb and Ni were the main pollution indicators in the survey area,and the seriously polluted areas are mainly distributed in the vicinity of gangue mountains and dump sites.In the mine water,Cu achievedⅢclasses or better thanⅢindexes;Cr+6 achievedⅢclasses or better thanⅢindexes;Only 25%of Ni could meetⅣorⅤclass indexes.Seventy-five percent of Pb and Mn could reachⅣorⅤclass indexes.In surface water samples,the Pb content of one group of samples exceeded the standard and was unqualified.According to the results,the rest of the samples were in the standard range.Shallow groundwater in some residential areas,deep mine drainage in Haizhou mine and surface water of river main stream can be used for various purposes.Other underground or surface water may be used for industrial,environmental or agricultural purposes.The research results built the basis for the comprehensive management of Haizhou open-pit mine and its surrounding environment,and also provided a useful reference for the investigation of similar open-pit mines in Northeast China.